Muscles of Thigh.

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Presentation transcript:

Muscles of Thigh

Lecture Objectives List the muscles of the thigh. Describe the attachments of the thigh muscles and their nerve supply. Describe the femoral triangle. Describe the femoral sheath and its contents.

Thigh compartments

Anterior Thigh Muscles Mainly femoral nerve Flexors of the hip Pectineus m. Adduction & flexion Iliopsoas m. Iliacus m. Psoas major m. Major flexor Sartorius m. Longest Flex hip & knee

Anterior Thigh Muscles Extensors of the knee Quadriceps femoris m. Rectus femoris m. Can flex the hip Vastus medialis m. Vastus intermedius m. Articularis genu Vastus lateralis m.

Medial Thigh Muscles Mainly obturator nerve Adductor group Adductor longus m. Most anterior Adductor brevis m. Deep to pectineus & adductor longus

Medial Thigh Muscles Adductor magnus m. Most posterior Adductor hiatus Adductor part Hamstring part Sciatic nerve

Medial Thigh Muscles Gracilis m. Obturator externus m. Most medial and superficial Crosses hip & knee joints Obturator externus m. Lateral rotation

Femoral Triangle: Boundaries Superior Lateral Medial Floor Iliopsoas Pectineus

Femoral Triangle: Content Lateral Medial Nerve – artery – vein – lymphatics Femoral sheath Continuation of Trnasversalis fascia – anteriorly Iliacus fascia ‐ posteriorly Content artery – vein – lymphatics Femoral canal Femoral ring

Adductor (Subsartorial) Canal Location Boundaries Anteromedial – Sartorius Posterior – longus & magnus Lateral – Vastus medialis Content

Femoral Artery Its entrance to the thigh Relations Position Midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis Femoral sheath Relations Sartorius Iliopsoas & adductor muscles Femoral vein and nerve Exit to popliteal region Adductor hiatus Profunda femoris a. (deep a. of thigh) (thigh region) Deep to the adductor longus

Femoral Nerve Largest branch of the lumbar plexus Relations Psoas m. Iliacus m. Inguinal ligament Femoral sheath

Saphenous Nerve Cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve Relations In Femoral triangle Within Adductor canal Cross Femoral a. Between Sartorius & gracilis tendons Companies great saphenous v. Anterior to Medial malleolus

Obturator Nerve: Divisions Anterior Anterior to obturator externus & adductor brevis mm. Posterior Traverse obturator externus m. Posterior to adductor brevis m. Anterior to adductor magnus m.

Posterior Thigh Muscles Hamstring muscles Extend hip & flex knee Tibial division of sciatic nerve Semitendinosus m. Semimembranosus m. Biceps femoris m. Long head Short head Fibular division of the sciatic nerve

Sciatic Nerve: Relations Greater sciatic notch Piriformis m. Gluteus maximus m. Biceps femoris m. At the superior part of the popliteal fossa divides into its terminal branches Tibial n. Common peroneal n.

Surface Anatomy of Femoral Triangle

Surface Anatomy of Anterior Thigh Femoral triangle Femoral artery Femoral vein Femoral nerve Patellar ligament

Catheterization Femoral artery catheterization Midway between the ASIS and the symphysis pubis Just below the inguinal ligament Femoral vein catheterization Just medial to the felt femoral artery High incidence of thrombosis

Surface Anatomy Sciatic Nerve Location of sciatic nerve Line between greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity Down middle of posterior thigh Tibial nerve Middle popliteal fossa Common fibular nerve Tendon of biceps femoris muscle

Surface Anatomy of Posterior Thigh