Sound in the Ear Presentation How the Ear works, Hearing Loss & Amplification By Rachel Elert, TC/HI, IISD http://msrachelshisite.weebly.com/index.html

Nice to Meet You! My name is Rachel Elert. I am a Teacher Consultant for the Hearing Impaired with Ingham ISD All my students have hearing loss I teach teachers, students & parents

Hearing One of the 5 Senses Fully developed at birth How we learn language Critical to the attachment of meaning to the world around us

The Ear Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear Acoustic nerve Brain' s auditory processing centers The outer ear consists of the auricle (pinna) and the external auditory canal. The middle ear consists of the tympanic membrane (eardrum), the ossicles (malleus, incus and stapes), and the Eustachian tube. The inner ear consists of the cochlea, the vestibular system, and the auditory nerve. The auricle collects sound waves which are funneled by the external auditory canal to the tympanic membrane. The sound waves hit the tympanic membrane and set the ossicles into vibration. This vibration moves the footplate of the stapes in and out of the cochlea's oval window. The fluid inside of the cochlea is set into motion generating nerve impulses. These nerve impulses are then transmitted by the auditory nerve to the brain, where they are heard as sound.

How Sound travels through the EAR Something vibrates and creates a sound wave. The sound wave travels to the ear and is collect by the outer ear. The sound wave then moves into the ear canal. When it reaches the end of the ear canal, the sound waves bump up against the eardrum. The ear drum vibrates with these sound waves. The vibration moves tiny bones in the middle ear. These bones carry vibrations into the inner ear to a fluid-filled tube called the cochlea. The fluid inside the cochlea vibrates a series of tiny hairs called cilia, which are attached to auditory nerves. The movement of these cilia stimulates the nerve cells, and they send signals to the brain via the auditory nerve. The brain processes these signals into the sounds we hear

Testing Hearing

Testing Hearing

AUDIOGRAM OF FAMILIAR SOUNDS FREQUENCY IN CYCLES PER SECOND (HZ) 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 10 20 z v f th s p h g ch sh 30 j mdb n ng e i 40 l r o a 50 u HEARING LEVEL (dB HL) 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 AUDIOGRAM OF FAMILIAR SOUNDS FREQUENCY IN CYCLES PER SECOND (HZ)

FREQUENCY IN CYCLES PER SECOND (HZ) 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 LOW PITCH HIGH PITCH FREQUENCY IN CYCLES PER SECOND (HZ)

SOFT 10 20 30 40 50 HEARING LEVEL (dB HL) 60 70 80 90 100 LOUD 110 120

Unfair Spelling Test Number your paper from 1 – 5 Unfair Hearing Test (High Frequency) Hearing Loss Examples Normal - Severe

Ways to correct hearing loss Personal: Hearing Aids Cochlear Implants In the classroom: Amplification where the teacher wears a microphone Sound goes directly into the student’s ear Sound is amplified in speakers in the classroom

Different types of Hearing Aides

Hearing Aids a microphone to pick up sound amplifier circuitry to make the sound louder a receiver (miniature loudspeaker) to deliver the amplified sound into the ear batteries to power the electronic parts

Different Types of Cochlear Implants

Cochlear Implants EXTERNAL PARTS: a battery operated external speech processor that converts sound waves into digital signals a magnetically attached connector that transmits the signals to the implant INTERNAL PARTS: an internal implant surgically placed under the skin on the skull and linked by a wire array to the hearing nerve

Parts of cochlear implants Microphone 4. Receiving Coil Processor 5. Electrode Array Transmitting Coil

Classroom Amplification Direct FM bypasses all classroom / environmental noise and puts the teacher’s voice IN the student’s ear

Tips for Communicating with D/HH DO: Get their attention first by placing hand on shoulder Look at them when you are talking Write down miscommunications DON’T: Repeatedly tap their shoulder Shout or speak exaggeratedly Have them repeat themselves more then 2x

Remember: There is Nothing wrong with their BRAINS – only their EARS don’t work!