Esophageal submucosa: The watershed for esophageal cancer Siva Raja, MD, PhD, Thomas W. Rice, MD, John R. Goldblum, MD, Lisa A. Rybicki, MS, Sudish C. Murthy, MD, PhD, David P. Mason, MD, Eugene H. Blackstone, MD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 142, Issue 6, Pages 1403-1411.e1 (December 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.027 Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Cross-section of esophageal wall and lymphatics. A, Normal esophagus demonstrating lymphatic anatomy. B, Cancer invasion into inner, middle, and deep submucosa. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 142, 1403-1411.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.027) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 Histograms demonstrating relationship of cancer characteristics to depth of submucosal cancer invasion. Adeno, adenocarcinoma; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 142, 1403-1411.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.027) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions
Figure 3 Survival after esophagectomy by pN classification. Vertical bars represent ± 1 standard error, and legend shows number of patients at risk. Tick marks indicate censored patients. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 142, 1403-1411.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.027) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions
Figure 4 Survival after esophagectomy by age and pN classification. Depiction is as in Figure 3. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 142, 1403-1411.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.027) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions