Sediment in streams.

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Presentation transcript:

Sediment in streams

Particle size measurement Coarse fraction (>2mm) Wolman pebble counts Digital image processing Sieving (>0.063mm) Fine fraction (<2mm) Sieving Settling Hydrometer Laser diffraction

Particle Size Distributions Usually constructed by weight fractions retained in different sieves OR in different diameter intervals assuming density invariance. KEY DIAMETER BENCHMARKS D50 – median D84 and D95 – representative coarse fractions

PSD sorting Here expressed in terms of standard deviation of phi values. Note: sorting is the opposite of grading!

Sample data Sometimes particle-size axis is flipped

The go-to resource

Types of alluvial stream channels (Montgomery-Buffington, 1997 & 1998) Cascade Step-pool Plane-bed Pool-riffle Dune-ripple

Schumm classification

Rosgen’s classification system

Channel Evolution models Schumm, Hupp, Simon, etc

Channel-forming discharge Biedenham, et al., 2000