Ch. 3 Energy, work, and simple machines

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Presentation transcript:

Ch. 3 Energy, work, and simple machines

Section 1: Types of Energy The ability or means to cause a change. What does this mean to you? Food Fuel Batteries Light Nuclear Solar Wind

Kinetic energy: what is it….. The energy a moving object has… EX: Molecules have kinetic energy too. Heat is the amount of kinetic energy in a substance.

Potential energy: what is it…… Energy of position/ Stored energy Object that have a height above earth. Gravitational potential energy Objects that have “loaded potential” Stretched rubber band Drawn bow slingshot Chemical potential Gun powder Gasoline Wood for a fire

Other forms of energy Electric: the energy carried by an electric current (moving electrons) Kinetic energy Nuclear: energy stored/released from the nucleus of an atom Nuclear powerplants, nuclear bombs. Potential energy Thermal: the sum of the kinetic and potential energy in the molecules Heat (kinetic) in the molecules + the energy (potential) stored in the bonds

More energy…. Sound: energy carried by sound waves Kinetic energy travels through the air, not the molecules Radiant: energy carried by electromagnetic waves Light Radio waves (fm am xm) Wi-fi X rays

Section 2: Energy transform and work Vocab: Energy transformation The conversion of energy from one form to another Gravitational Potential to Kinetic Chemical potential to heat Law of conservation of energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form Ex: Roller Coaster Roller coaster depends on electric, magnetic, or another form of potential energy to start. That original g. p.e. powers the rest of the kinetic (fun) energy

Roller coaster energy video

work Occurs when an object MOVES in the direction of a given FORCE. Only occurs while the force is contacting the object. Only occurs in the direction of the force. Increases the kinetic energy of the object. Which one is not work? Carrying books to class. Lifting milk to your mouth. Holding the championship trophy over your head.

Work = force x distance W = F x D How much work is done when you carry your books from period 7 to period 8. The books require 50 N of force and your classes are 50m apart. W= F x D W = 50N x 50m W = 2500 N x m or 2500 J

Energy transfer and Heat When energy changes from one form to another, there is always energy loss in the from of HEAT. Due to friction! The arch enemy! Light bulbs Car engines/tires

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