DO NOW: Alternatives to the Electoral College. Which do you prefer?

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Presentation transcript:

AIM: What rules govern campaign financing & what are the impacts of these rules? DO NOW: Alternatives to the Electoral College. Which do you prefer? (District-Proportional-Direct Election)

the 2016 election (from Bloomberg.com) CLINTON Total Raised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $911.3M Total Spent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $432.2M Total Cash on Hand . .. . . . . . . $226.7M TRUMP Total Raised to Date . .. . . . . . $423.2M Total Spent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $212.9M Total Cash on Hand . . . . . . . . . $111.7M

What makes elections so expensive? TV advertising: a 30 second ad costs from $200k to $500k (in prime time) Polls: campaigns must contract polling firms to conduct public opinion surveys Direct mailings to voters’ homes Staff: professional campaign managers demand high salaries, in addition to costs for local campaign staffs

Where do the funds come from? Individual contributions The candidates’ personal funds Organized interest groups [PACs, Political Action Committees], such as unions, business groups, and ethnic-based groups. Fund raising events, especially dinners featuring speeches and celebrity appearances.

Check, Please: Dinner with Clooney, Clinton $175K Per Plate 11349 3 Check, Please: Dinner with Clooney, Clinton $175K Per Plate At a March 2016 fundraiser in San Francisco, for the Hillary Clinton Victory Fund

Where do the funds come from? Public money: taxpayers money is available BUT accepting this money forces candidates to agree to limits on total spending [$96 million per candidate for the 2016 presidential election] - so most reject it, as they can raise more from private sources.

The issue of fairness Obviously, wealthy individuals and interest groups are able to contribute far more than disadvantaged individuals and interest groups representing them This enables privileged groups to buy influence- a sort of legalized bribery

Legal restrictions loopholes Presidential candidates may receive a maximum amount of public money Individuals may contribute a maximum of $2,000 to candidates for federal offices PACs are limited to $5000 per candidate Mostly, candidates simply refuse public money, so they can spend as much as they wish “soft money” contributions to a party (as opposed to a specific candidate) are unlimited Individuals and PACs may donate to as many candidates as they wish

Another loophole: independent advertising There are no limits on how much interest groups may spend on advertising, so long as the ad does not endorse a specific candidate Ads attacking a specific candidate are perfectly legal, however Efforts to limit independent advertising have been blocked by the courts, as an unconstitutional restriction on _________

Campaign finance reform ideas Free air time for candidates on Radio & TV State-funded campaigns for all Federal offices, with $ distributed equally to candidates Strict limits on the amount spent per voter by each candidate Stricter financial disclosure requirements