North West company.

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Presentation transcript:

North West company

The North West Company After The Seven Years War, Scottish and American investors rushed to take over the old fur trade networks once controlled by the French Hired French employees to work for them and maintain their contacts These small companies merged to create the NWC

Trading Practices Different than HBC Went deeper into the interior, building their own trading posts on rivers and lakes through the West and North Dealt directly with a wide variety of First Nations See map on page: 265

Partners of the NWC who found new trade relationships, explore new lands and and built trading posts were called Nor’westers Crucial to the company were Canadien and Metis paddlers called voyageurs Voyageurs transported goods to distant posts and furs back to Montreal HQ (HBC did not have this challenge)

Voyageurs from Montreal travelled up the Ottawa River, across the Mattawa River. Lake Nipissing and the French river and across the northern part of the Georgian Bay and aong the shore of Lake Superior to Grand Portage (now called Thunder Bay) From there, trade good were taken in smaller canoes to Lake Winnipeg, Saskatchewan and other rivers

Voyageur life Famous for strength and endurance (replaced the Coureurs de Bois) paddled 50 stokes a minute for 14 hours at a time with brief 10 minute breaks Travelled thousands of km Set up camps at night surviving on pemmican (pounded bison meat, fat and berries) and sleeping under their tents Famous for their songs which they would chant as they paddled

Heated Competition Soon HBC and NWC became serious rivals There was a lots of money to be made to be made in the fur trade - 1788 companies sold fur worth $25 million today From 1763 -1821 the two companies tried to buy furs from the supplier before the other Expenses were cut and and profits were lowered to entice First Nations to trade Men in one company would ambush the others creating violent tensions

Eventually, NWC was intercepting furs before they could get to the HBC posts on Hudson’s Bay HBC realized they needed to be in the interior as well and began to build inland posts Although both companies took financial hits, the NWC was unable to compete with the Hudson’s Bay Company and in 1821 they merged to form one big company.