Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Using Language

the tin foil phonograph ( ) How many inventors do you know?

James Watt steam engine

Wright brothers

Albert Einstein Theory of Relativity

Match the following two columns. Galileo Einstein Newton Watt Edison Alexander graham Bell telephone telescope steam engine bulb Theory of Relativity Newtons law

Telephones become part of our life. Do you know who invented the first telephone?

Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876and this is the phone companys way of honoring his achievement! The very first phone call was from Bell to his lab assistant, and he said, Mr. Watson, come here at once. I want you.

Bells Museum

Discuss the following questions: 1. What do you know about the inventor? 2. How useful is his invention to human society? Why? Pre-reading

Reading Task 1: Get some general information of Bell. DateInformation In 1847 He was young 11 years old In years old He was born. His family moved to Boston, USA. He made his first invention. He invented the first telephone. He made his last invention.

1. The text mainly tells us some information about_______. A. Bell and his telephone B. Bell and his telegraph C. Bell and his helicopter designs D. Bell and his inventions Choose the best answer. D

2. Bell invented ______ by chance according to the text. A. Morse code B. telegraph C. telephone D. tetrahedron C

3. Which statement is true according to the text? A. Bell made a contribution to the deaf education. B. Bell invented the telephone for the deaf. C. Bell thought that you should not think too much about something that you had never seen before. D. Bell invented a lot of flying machines while searching for a kite to carry a man into the air. A

4. According to the text, Bell got such great achievement thanks to _____. A. a straw joined to a deaf mans ear B. the exploring around problems C. a moving electrical current D. his excellent assistant Watson B

5. We can infer from the text that ______. A. doing research in telegraph helped Bell greatly in inventing the telephone B. Bell was given the patent after he succeeded in sending the first telephone message C. in order to make the bridges stronger Bell discovered telephone D. Bell discovered so many practical solutions that he must be a millionaire A

Answer the questions. 1. What does Bells saying mean to you? His saying means that it is important to be experimental. By being curious and exploring around a subject you may by chance come up with some new and original ways of solving a problem.

2. What do you think led to his success as an inventor of the telephone? His curiosity and exploring spirit led to his success as an inventor of the telephone. 3. What inventions did Bell make? Bell invented the telephone and the tetrahedron shape by chance. Both of these are extremely useful and still used today.

4. Why will he always be known as the inventor of the telephone? He will always be known as the inventor of the telephone because it was a very popular invention and the patent made the most money ever.

Useful expressions …… ( ) be/become interested in be curious beaten track dive into (be) worth thinking lead to set out to (do) at a time

……, at the same time found the problem difficult to solve be aware of search for be famous for in truth

1. He found that by pressing his lips against his mother s forehead, he could make the bones move in such a way that she could understand what he was saying., Language Points

found ; way that, what way,, that/in which

1)What surprised me was not what he said but ____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 2) The way _____ he showed to the PLA men was a shortcut. A. by which B. where C. in which D. which A D

2. He believed that one should always be curious and his most famous saying was: Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods. Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before. Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. All really big discoveries are the result of thought.

, :,,,,,

1) dive into He dived into the history of China The boy dived into the river from the bridge. He dived into his pockets and fished out one dollar ( ); ; (, ),

He ____ his career and made a great contribution to our country. A. dived himself into B. devoted himself to C. dived into D. devoted to B : dive into …… devote oneself to sth., devote oneself to sth. …… ; ……

2) every / each time ;,, the first time last time next time the instant / moment / minute / second … that ……

, I loved Golden Gate Bridge the first time I saw it. I told him that I wanted to team up with him last time I meet him., The moment I got home that It began to rain., I will ring you up next time I hire a cook.

____ I see him, the old man is sitting in the same chair. A. Every time B. Every time when C. At each time D. Each time that A 3) follow up e.g. Thats an interesting idea, and well certainly follow it up.

set out (to do sth.) ( ), ; set out to do sth. = set about doing sth. set out for = set off for = leave for 3. Bell never set out to invent the telephone and what he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph.

They are setting out to do a new experiment. He set out to break the record for the channel swim. Lets set out before dark. Tomorrow Ill set out for Beijing.

1) At dawn, they set ____ to get ready for the work of the day. A. off B. about C. out D. in 2) They set ____ at about 8 oclock. A. about to work B. about to working C. about working D. out work 3) They _____ the mountain at noon. A. set off to B. set out to C. set out for D. set off in C C A

4. Suddenly he had a flash of inspiration., a flash of inspiration inspiration n. [U], [C] These events provided the inspiration for her first book. v. inspire ; adj. inspired adj. inspiring ;

5. If sound wave could be reproduced in a moving electrical current, they could be sent along a wire., 1) reproduce vt. ; …… The tape recorder reproduced the symphony. 2) current n. ;, ; adj.,,,

Most of the old are interested in ____________ They are expecting profits of over $2 million in ________________. The word is no longer _________________. current events, the current year, in current use current events the current year in current use

It is/was not until … that …. not until It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed. 6. The patent was given in 1876, but it was not until five days later that Bell sent the first telephone message to his assistant, Watson. 1876, 5

1) It wasnt until nearly a month later _____ I received the managers reply. (05 I) A. since B. unless C. as D. that 2) --Did Jack come back early last night? --Yes, it was not yet eight oclock ______ he arrived home. (05 ) A. before B. when C. that D. Unitl D C

7. Being very stable, it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges. ( ), Being very stable, Because it is very stable,

stable: 1. The patients condition is stable. 2. The ladder doesnt seem very stable. 3. a stable relationship 4. We need a stable government. ; ;

8. Although he is most associated with the invention of the telephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life., 1) associate vt., …… [+with] They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.

I didnt want to be associated with it at all. associate n. [C] ; ; ; He is one of my associates at the store. 2) indeed ad. ( ),, A friend in need is a friend indeed. ( ), He is indeed young, but he is competent.

3) practical ; ; I want some practical advice. It wouldnt be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend. The dictionary is very practical.

Zhou Rui has decided to do a project on a living British inventor called James Dyson. So he telephoned Dysons company in England to interview one of its engineers about the great mans ideas.

1 Before listening, choose a machine you use every day and think about what you would do to improve it. Would you change the shape, the size or the motor? Discuss with your partner and be prepared to tell the class.

2 Listen to the tape and tick the words you hear. washing machine bicycle carpet cleaner court refrigerator drum

3 Listen again and make notes on James Dysons invention. ObjectThe problemJames Dysons improvement Washing machine Washing machines at that time do not clean the clothes as well as by hand. He invented a machine using two half drums which move in opposite directions

Listening on P62: 1 Read the questions before listening and discuss them in pairs. 1.What function are already included on a mobile phone? 2. Which ones do you find useful on P62? 3. What else do you expect a mobile phone to do for you?

2 Listen to the tape and tick the descriptions you have heard. a mobile that thinks a mobile that does videotaping a mobile that spends your money a mobile that is a computer a mobile that can teach you English a mobile that wakes you up a mobile that plans your holiday a mobile that orders your food

mobiles can __________ and _______________ now. 3-G mobiles They will be able to _______ how you use your phone. They will _______________, ____________, _____ and an appropriate place to stay. It also helps people who are busy at work to ____________at the cheapest price. videotape act as a computer monitor book holidays choose the airline hotel order things

3 Listen to the tape again and answer these questions. 1.Which mobile does Ruth think she will buy and why? Ruth wants to buy the mobile that ____________ when it receives ______________. She missed ______ yesterday when her mobile was __________________. turns itself on important callsthree switched/ turned off

2. What extra applications do mobiles have now? Mobiles can ________________ and act as ___________ now. vediotape a computer

3. What extra applications will they have with the 3-G mobiles? They will be able to _______ holidays, book ___________, and an appropriate place to stay. They will authorize __________ them too. plan air tickets paying for

4. Why is Ruth worried? Ruth is worried because it might ________________. spend her money

5. What advantages do the 3G mobiles offer? The advantages are that it helps people who are busy _______ to order ______ at the _____________ or book holidays, air tickets, etc. at work goodscheapest price

6. What do you think might go wrong? The mobile may spend money _______ or spend more than a person can ______. You may forget ___________ and not include it in your accounts of your _______________. unwisely affordthe spending personal income

Do you remember the expressions related to making telephone? Hello, may I speak to …? Sorry. He/ she is out. Hold the line, please. / Hold on, please. Wait a minute, please. / speaking. Ill ring him / her up again. Just a moment, please. I cant get through. …

Speaking activity Suppose you want to apply for a job in James Dysons company. So you ring up one of his engineers to ask what kind of person he needs. Remember to ask for as much information as you can. Here are some phrases that may be useful for you to make a telephone call.

Some useful expressions Which extension..., please? Can I speak to..., please? Hold the line, please. / Hang on, please. Just a moment, please. Im sorry, but this phone is out of order. I cant get through. Sorry. He / she isnt here right now. Can I ring back later? Ill ring him / her up again. I must ring off now because…

Pre-writing: Discuss in groups of four on the following topic: Suppose you are going to apply for a job in a company, what skills will you tell the interviewer to qualify you?

Writing Now you are going to apply for a job in James Dysons company and you write a letter to him. The following point may help you:

1. Use the list of skills to make new paragraphs in your letter. 2. For each skill set down any experience you have had, which shows that you are a suitable person. You may be creative in this part of the letter. 3. Finish the letter by mentioning again the skills that you have. 4. End the letter.

The beginning and the ending of the letter: Dear Mr. Dyson, I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company. … I would be grateful if you would consider employing me in your company. Yours sincerely, (your name)

Dear Mr Dyson, I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company. I expect to get a Masters degree in mechanical engineering from Beijing University in In the past few years, I have got experience in designing new projects and developed good professional competence in my subjects. Sample writing:

I worked in my holidays for a company that designed engines for jeeps. I helped them design several parts of the new engine. It made me think I would like to work in a real inventors company. I understand that I have the qualifications and experience that you need for the personnel in your company. I would be grateful if you would consider employing me in your company. Yours sincerely, Liu Xue

1. Everyone in the class hoped that he ____ after a few days treatment. A. picked up B. took up C. gave up D. made up Kathy ______ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls. A. picked up B. took up C. gave up D. made up 3. Is this the bike which you wish to have _____? A. repaired it B. repairing C. repair D. repaired 4. ____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. To lose C. Lost D. Having lost A A D C

5.----Its cloudy outside. Please take an umbrella. ----_____________. A. Yes, take it easy B. Well, it just depends C. OK, just in case D. All right, youre welcome 6. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _____discovery which completely changed ___mans understanding of color. A. a, / B. a, the C. /, the D. the, a 7.The picture of the park _________ memories of our classs trip last year, when Mr. Smith began to take charge of our class. A. called up B. reminded C. looked back on D. turned up C A A

8. With ____ leaves ____ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 9. John rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door ____. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking 10. The girl ____ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to look B A C

1. Go over the language points of the unit. 2. Finish all the exercises in workbook. 3. Write a short passage about an invention. Homework