And the respiratory system Respiration And the respiratory system

Respiration Occurs when respiratory system moves gases between the external environment and the lungs. Respiratory system is a system of passageways that permit air to flow into and out of lungs.

Nasal Cavity Air enters through nostrils and passes into nasal cavity. It cleans, warms, and moistens the air It is lined with glands which secrete mucus. The mucus is stored in sinuses until it can be swallowed.

Pharynx Where oral cavity and nasal cavity meet

Trachea Also known as the windpipe, Made of cartilage, lined with mucus and cilia Microscopic materials are trapped in mucus. Cilia move these back up to the pharynx for removal

Epiglottis The top of trachea is protected by the epiglottis. This keeps food from entering lungs

Larynx Also called the voice-box. At the top of the trachea, it is used for speech

Bronchi Trachea splits to form two tubes. Each extends into one lung and each branches into bronchioles

Bronchioles Smaller branches off of the bronchi, which end in alveoli

Alveoli Thin and moist tiny sacs, surrounded by capillaries Oxygen from the air flows across the alveoli into the capillaries and carbon dioxide flows from the capillaries into the alveoli

Diaphragm Large sheet of muscle at the bottom of the rib cage When the diaphragm contracts it increases the area in your lungs causing you to inhale When your diaphragm relaxes it decreases the area in your lungs pushing the air out (exhale)

Breathing Rate Breathing rate is controlled by the brain, which relies on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. Your brain speeds up contractions of the ribs and diaphragm when oxygen is needed (when carbon dioxide levels in your blood is too high)

Respiratory System 11. 10. 2. 3. 4. 12. 13. 14. 1. 7. 6. 5. 8. 9.

Gas Exchange A B D