Limiting Reactants.

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Limiting Reactant (aka limiting reagent)

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Presentation transcript:

Limiting Reactants

How many pancakes can you make? If you don’t have enough flour to make a full batch of pancakes you can cut down the recipe to make as many pancakes as you can until you run out of flour. The other ingredients will be left over.

How much sodium chloride can you make? 2 Na + Cl2  2 NaCl The same thing can happen in chemical reactions. If you run out of one of the reactants in a chemical reaction, it will limit the amount of product that can be formed. The reactant you run out of first is called the limiting reactant (sometimes called the limiting reagent).

2 Na + Cl2  2 NaCl 46 g 35.5 g i 2 moles 0.5 moles 0 moles c -1 mole Change back to grams to find the mass of sodium chloride produced and the mass of Na remaining. 23 grams 0 grams 58.5 grams

Percentage Yield Let’s suppose that we ran the reaction for the production of sodium chloride and only obtained 49.0 grams instead of 58.5 g. We could then calculate the percentage yield as the actual mass divided by the theoretical (calculated) mass times 100%. Percentage yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100 = 49.0 / 58.5 x 100 = 83.8% Click here to take the quiz