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Compost : As a Component of INM Introduction Compost is a key ingredient in organic farming. Compost is organic matter that has been decomposed and recycled as a fertilizer and soil amendment. End Next

Nutrient profile of Compost Compost : As a Component of INM Nutrient profile of Compost S. No. Parameters Quantity 1. Organic matter 70 % 2. pH 7.5 3. Organic carbon 33.11% 4. Nitrogen 1.82 % 5. Phosphorus 1.29 % 6. Potassium 1.25 % 7. Fe (ppm) 1019 8. Mn (ppm) 111 9. Cu (ppm) 180 10. Zn (ppm) 280 End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM Benefits of Compost Compost improves the quality of soil, and for this reason it is considered as a soil conditioner. It contains a variety of the basic nutrients required for healthy growth of plants. In addition to, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, certain micronutrients viz. manganese, copper, iron, and zinc also found in compost which helps them to control diseases and insects. Compost improves the structure and texture of the soil enable them to retain nutrients, moisture, and air for the betterment of growth of plants. End Previous Next

Mechanism of Composting Compost : As a Component of INM Mechanism of Composting Composting is a biochemical process in which aerobic and anaerobic microorganism decomposes organic matter into valuable manure called as compost. Release heat (Thermophilic state, which helps to destroy pathogens) Organic matter Organic matter compost Temp 55-60o c (Mesophilic state ,Temp. 25-30o c, promote mesophilic microbes for rapid decomposition ) End Previous Next

Microorganism Involved in Composting Compost : As a Component of INM Microorganism Involved in Composting Two type of microbes which help in composting process are: Aerobes Which decompose organic matter in presence of oxygen Anaerobes Which decompose organic matter in absence of oxygen End Previous Next

Material required for Composting Compost : As a Component of INM Material required for Composting Farm refuses Weeds Stubbles bhusa Crop residues Remnents of fodder Hedge clipping Animal dung Cow dung Buffalo dung Poultry dung Town refuse Night soil Street refuse Municipal fuse End Previous Next

Methods of Preparation of Compost Compost : As a Component of INM Methods of Preparation of Compost Indore Method Bangalore Method NADEP Method This method was developed by A. Howard and Y. D. Wad at the Institute of Plant industry, Indore, India This method was worked out by L. N. Acharya at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. Demonstration of this method at large scale was initiated at J. N. Krishi Vidyalaya, Indore. Click on title for detail End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM Indore method Size of the pit Raw materials Methods of filling the pits Turning End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM Indore method Size of the pit Breadth - 6-8 feet Depth - 2-3 feet ( not more than 3 feet) Length - 10 feet or more as per requirement End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM Indore method Raw material Mix plant residues, weeds, sugarcane leaves, grass, wood ashes, bran etc. Animal dung Wood ashes Water Urine soaked mud End Previous Next

Filling the composting pits Compost : As a Component of INM Indore method Filling the composting pits First of all, spread dry wastes with cattle dung and soil in ratio of 4:2:1 up to 2 inch layer in Composting pit. Afterwards, sprinkle the water over the materials Pit is filled with above materials up to 1 foot above the ground level One more layer of bedding material with wood ash and urinated mud should be added. End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM Indore method Turning The material is turned three times for proper aeration and moisture. First turning : 10-15 days after filling the pits. Second turning : 15 days after first turning. Third turning : After 2 month of second turning Previous Back to menu Next

Compost : As a Component of INM Bangalore method This method saves labour cost because there is no need of turning and regular sprinkling of water. Size of the pit Composting is done in trenches of 30’ × 6’ × 3’ or in pits of 20’ × 6’ ×3. End Previous Next

Method of Filling the Composting Pits Compost : As a Component of INM Bangalore method Method of Filling the Composting Pits Spread the moist farm refuse at the bottom of the pit up to one inch. Then, spread two inch of cattle dung and urinated mud followed by 1 or 2 inch layer of soil This heap is made up to 1.5-2.0 feet above the ground level following above process. Finally the heap is covered with 1 inch thick mud. After 8-9 months all material decomposes and compost becomes ready for the application. Previous Back to menu Next

Compost : As a Component of INM NADEP Method This method facilitates a lot of composting through minimum use of cattle dung. In this method, the decomposition process takes place aerobically. End Previous Next

Steps for NADEP Method of Composting Compost : As a Component of INM NADEP Method Steps for NADEP Method of Composting Selection of site and compost making Material required Method of filling tank Second filling End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM NADEP Method Selection of site The tank should be located near cattle shed or farm site. Size of pit The tank should be 10’ ×6’ ×3’in size and are prepared with 9’ inch thick wall Proper blocks and holes of 7 inches should be left on all the four side of the tank wall for the circulation of air. Plastering of inner wall and floor of the tank should be done by mixture of dung and mud. End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM NADEP Method Materials Required S. No. Material Quantity (Kg) 1. Farm residues 1400-1500 2. Cattle dung 90-100 3. Dry sieved soil 1750 4. water 1500-2000 End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM NADEP Method Method of Filling Tank Slurry made of cow dung and water should be sprinkled on the floor and the walls of tank. The filling of tank follows these steps: Second layer: 4-5 Kg Cattle dung of gobber gas-slurry in 125 to 150 litres of water should be apply on the first layer. Third layer: 50-60 Kg sieved soil added on the second layer of tank . First layer Plant residues are spread evenly in layer up to 6 inches (10-100 Kg) in tank. In this way, the tank is filled layer by layer up to 1.5 feet above the brick level of tank. Filled tank should be covered and sealed by 3 inch layer of soil (300-400Kg) It should also be pasted with a mixture of dung and soil. End Previous Next

Compost : As a Component of INM NADEP Method Second Filling At this stage, the process of the first filling is repeated and again sealed with paste of mud & dung. After 20 days, the plant residue contracts and goes down in the tank by 20-25 inches. Periodically the paste of cattle dung and water should be sprinkle to maintain 15-20% moisture. End Back to menu Previous