DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS All Rights Reserved: ATENEO COMPUTER SCIENCE CENTER Ateneo de Davao University

Outline Data Processing System (DPS) Data, Information, Programs Definition and Objective of DPS Elements of a DPS Types of data processing systems Electronic Data Processing System (EDPS) 3 Components of an EDPS Advantages/Disadvantages of an EDPS

Data are facts, set of symbols to represent objects, events, activities and quantities Basic Forms of Data: Text  consist of standard alphabetic, numeric and special characters Graphics  still pictures such as drawings, graphs, images and illustrations Audio  any type of sound Video  consist of motion pictures

Information data that has been processed into a meaningful form 4 characteristics: Accurate Timely Complete Relevant

Programs set of instructions that tells the computer how to process the data to produce information that the user wants Instructions that causes the computer to perform specific actions

Data Processing System Data – are facts, set of symbols to represent objects, events, activities and quantities Process – the execution of various operations on data to convert it to a form which is meaningful System – a collection of components that interact to serve a common goal Objective: To convert raw data into information that can be used in decision making

Elements of a DPS Input Processing Output Storage collection of data/information and conversion into a form acceptable for processing Processing application of operations that convert data into a meaningful form Output the form that is acceptable to the user for analysis or as input for a second cycle Storage the medium where you can keep both data and information for future reference or retrieval

Types of Data Processing Manual Data Processing is done by people with or without the aid of machines. These machines are typewriters, calculator, adding machine, etc.. Electronic Data Processing is done exclusively by machines with minimal human supervision. Electronic devices are used such as computers to produce information.

Electronic Data Processing 3 Components Hardware – physical components physical equipment in a computing environment Software – conceptual components machine codes and computer programs built from planning and knowledge Peopleware – human components personnel involved in the system highly specialized personnel with computer skills

Physical Components: HARDWARE For INPUT: Keyboard Mouse Video cam

Physical Components: HARDWARE For PROCESS: SYSTEM UNIT CPU memory disk drives

Physical Components: HARDWARE For OUTPUT: Display (soft-copy) Printer (hard-copy) Multi-media speakers

Physical Components: HARDWARE For STORAGE: floppy disks fixed disk CD CD RW

Conceptual Components: SOFTWARE Applications Software Computer programs that provide tools for performing the type of work that people require computer systems to do; commonly called applications programs or applications. Productivity Software – a computer programs such as word processors and spreadsheets, designed to make workers more productive in their jobs. Entertainment Software – a computer program that plays movies, music and games. Educational Software – a computer program that aids on education such as tutorials.

Conceptual Components: SOFTWARE Systems Software Computer programs that enable application programs to run on a given set of hardware. Operating System - the main collection of systems software that enables the computer system to manage the resources under its control. Personal Operating System - MS-DOS & PCDOS Network Operating Systems - an operating system that enables the network administrator in an organization to control network tasks. Language Translators - systems software that converts applications programs into a machine language.

Areas of the EDP Department SYSTEMS AND PROCEDURES defining and developing the system which will be implemented on the company’s hardware. design of systems, impetus for designing new systems serves as the liaisons between users and the other departments Systems Analyst planning and design of new applications Programmer Analyst programming and designing a system

Areas of the EDP Department PROGRAMMING AREA responsible for all programming activities updating and maintaining systems which have already been programmed advisers to SYSTEMS & PROCEDURES area on any programming area that might occur in systems design Applications Programmers Maintenance Programmers System Programmers

Areas of the EDP Department Applications Programmers They are provided with the requirements of a job and are asked to develop logic and then code, debug and document a program Maintenance Programmers Responsible for revising, amending or updating existing programs. They are the “trouble shooters” (finding and fixing errors in existing software) System Programmers They are highly skilled programmers which are responsible for maximizing the overall efficiency of a computer system

Areas of the EDP Department OPERATIONS controls all of the day-to-day activities which take place within the data processing department. Data Preparation Staff Computer Operator File Librarian Auditor Database Administrator

Areas of the EDP Department Data Preparation Staff Converts data into codes (coding clerk) Converts data into a form said to be computer readable (data encoders) Computer Operator Prepares data for processing File Librarian Takes care of the inventory of records, disks and other file media (issues, receipts and storage of files)

Areas of the EDP Department Auditor Accounting and computer specialists who are responsible for assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the computer system Data Base Administrator Responsible for organizing a large volume of data such as the database of an organization

Advantages and Disadvantages of the EDP System:

ADVANTAGES increased speed improved accuracy and reliability more effective control (error-checking, reports) reduced cost storage capacity improved quality

DISADVANTAGES relatively high cost of equipment cost and difficulty of systems design and programming channelling of work problems of conversion from a manual system to an electronic one security problems