Work-Energy Theorem Energy is the ability to do work.

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Presentation transcript:

Work-Energy Theorem Energy is the ability to do work. Work is applying a force to an object that causes displacment of the object. The work-energy theorem states that without energy, work cannot be done.

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms.

Kinetic Energy= the energy of motion; the energy a moving object has because of its motion; it depends on the object's mass and velocity. MEASURED IN JOULES KE (joules) = 1/2 mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)2 KE = ½ mv2 So....... The kinetic energy will increase if ___ velocity increases ? ___ mass increases? ___ height increases?

Practice Problems 1. A jogger with a mass of 60 kg is moving at 2 m/s. What is the jogger's kinetic energy? 2. A ball with a mass of 2 kg is moving at a speed of 3 m/s. What is the balls kinetic energy? 3. A object has a mass of 2 kg and a kinetic energy of 25 J. What is the object's speed?

Gravitational Potential Energy = stored energy of position GPE (Joules) = mass (kg) x acceleration of gravity (9.8 m/s2) x height (m) GPE = mgh Ug=mgh

POTENTIAL ENERGY = energy stored within a motionless object Elastic Potential Energy = energy stored by something that can stretch (spring, bungy cord, rubber band)

ELASTIC POTENTIAL ENERGY

GPE = mgh 1. What is the GPE of a book that has a mass of 1kg that is sitting on a shelf that is 2 m above the ground? 2. How high above the ground is a ball with a mass of 2 kg that has a GPE of 70 J? 3. A rock climber is 200 m above the ground and has a GPE of 10,000 J. What is the climber's mass?

Think about it.... Can an object have kinetic energy and potential energy at the same time? Two objects are sitting on a table. One has a mass of 5kg, the other has a mass of 2 kg. Which one has a greater GPE? How could you increase the kinetic energy of a truck without increasing its speed?

Mechanical Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy Mechanical Energy is the Energy due to position and motion Potential energy can be transformed into mechanical energy....imagine a kid at the top of a slide... he has potential energy at the top. As he moves, he has kinetic and potential energy.

Low KE High GPE High KE Low GPE High KE Low GPE Energy transformations occur with projectile motion

Roller coasters are designed with the Law of Conservation of Energy in Mind.