The Coming of Age for Piwi Proteins

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The Coming of Age for Piwi Proteins Anita G. Seto, Robert E. Kingston, Nelson C. Lau Molecular Cell Volume 26, Issue 5, Pages 603-609 (June 2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.05.021 Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 A Piwi-Focused Phylogenetic Tree of Argonaute-Family Proteins Alignments, tree construction, and bootstrap analysis were performed with the MEGA v3.1 software. Only bootstrap values greater than 60 are shown for this neighbor-joining tree. Protein sequences and accession numbers are available upon request. Abbreviations: At: Arabidopsis thaliana; Ce: Caenorhabditis elegans; Dd: Dictyostelium discodium; Dj: Dugesia japonica; Dm: Drosophila melanogaster; Dr: Danio rerio; Gl: Giardia lambia; Gg: Gallus gallus; Hs: Homo sapiens; Mm: Mus musculus; Nc: Neurospora crassa; Pc: Podocoryne carnea; Pt: Paramecium tetraurelia; Scp: Schizosaccaromyces pombe; Sm: Schmidtea mediterranea; Sp: Strongylocentrotus purpuratus; Tb: Trypanosoma brucei; Tt: Tetrahymena thermophila; and Xt: Xenopus tropicalis. Molecular Cell 2007 26, 603-609DOI: (10.1016/j.molcel.2007.05.021) Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Potential Sites and Modes of Action for piRC (A) Clusters of piRNAs derive from discrete 20–100 kb loci, several of which are bidirectionally transcribed (i.e., piRNA cluster #1, which is 80 kb). Bars indicate number of individual piRNAs identified in each interval (red, top strand; blue, bottom strand.). (B) piRC may serve a function in the nucleus, such as marking important genomic loci through an epigenetic mechanism (similar to that in ciliates) or through an RNA cleavage event (similar to S. pombe). piRC could also act in the cytoplasm, to suppress transposon activity (similar to the rasiRNA complex in Drosophila), or it might act at the chromatoid body, an organelle postulated as an RNA-processing center. Molecular Cell 2007 26, 603-609DOI: (10.1016/j.molcel.2007.05.021) Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions