INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

WHAT DOES THIS TERM MEAN? OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Word Parts are the Key!!! There are 3 types of word parts that are used to create medical terms. Word Roots Prefixes Suffixes (Combining Forms)

WORD ROOTS Word Roots- The foundation of a medical term and contains the basic meaning of the term. Usually indicates the body part that is involved. Examples: Cardi = heart Gastr =Stomach Neur = nerve

PREFIXES Always at the beginning of the word. Usually indicates time, location, or number. Examples: Time = pre-, post- Location = intra-, peri- Number= quadri-, bi-, poly- Pre-Preworkout or prehistoric Post: Postgame show or Postgame Interview Intra: Intracardiac Quadri: meaning 4. Quadrilateral meaning 4 sided figure. Bi: Bi-monthly: twice a month. Poly: multiple Polytheists meaning believe in more than one god.

SUFFIXES Always at the end of the word. Usually indicates procedure, condition, or disease. Examples: Procedure = -ectomy, -graphy Condition = -osis, Disease= -itis, -algia, -necrosis Ectomy: Having something surgically removed Graphy: A method of recording: Arteriography Osis: Abnormal condition. Tendonosis: no swelling involved but there is pain located amongst the tendon -It is: Inflammation (Patellar tendonitis) , -algia: Pain (Athralgia: Pain in joint), -Necrosis: Tissue death. Avascular Necrosis (lack of blood supply to the bone).

COMBINING FORMS How we connect all the parts together Prefix is connected directly to the word root Example: Peri- and Cardi/o = pericardio Word root is connected to the suffix using or not using the combining vowel (/O) We use word root to make things easier to pronounce

RULES TO COMBINING FORMS RULE 1 Combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel RULE 2 Combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant

RULE #1 Combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel. Examples: Neur/O and –itis…..what is the correct way? A. Neuroitis B. Neuritis

RULE #2 Combining Vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant. Examples Neur/O and –plasty…Which is the correct form? A. Neuroplasty B. Neurplasty

Interpreting Medical Terms Gastroenterology 1. Divide the term into its word parts Gastr/o/enter/o/logy 2. Define each word part, then combine them…. gastr = stomach 0= combining vowel Enter= small intestine O = combining vowel Logy = study of

Here’s that Term Again…. Let’s Break it Down  OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Divide the term into its word parts Ot/o/rhin/o/laryng/o/logy Oto-Ear Rhino-Nose Laryng/o- Throat or voice box Logy-The Study of

OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY What does the term mean? Define and Combine all the meanings ot/o = ear and combining vowel rhin/o = nose and combining vowel laryng/o = throat and combining vowel -logy = study of What does the term mean?

Try and pronounce the term without the combing vowels…… Otrhinlarygnlogy

Practice Neo - , gastr/o, -oma = neogastroma (no double O) Eu, Ot/o, -cyte = Euotocyte Gastr/o, enter/o, -stenosis = gastroenterostenosis