1.3 Cells from cells Learning Objectives: To understand the stages of cell reproduction. Keywords: Cell division Mitosis Cytokinesis DNA replication Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cell plate

Let’s Watch a Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0k-enzoeOM

Mitosis The process by which the duplicated contents of the cell’s nucleus divide into two equal parts.

The Phases of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Prophase Chromosome pair up! Chromosomes thicken and shorten -become visible -2 chromatids joined by a centromere Centrioles move to the opposite sides of the nucleus Nucleolus disappears Nuclear membrane disintegrate

Metaphase Chromosomes meet in the middle! Chromosomes arrange at equator of cell Become attached to spindle fibres by centromeres Homologous chromosomes do not associate

Anaphase Chromosomes get pulled apart Spindle fibres contract pulling chromatids to the opposite poles of the cell

Telophase Now there are two! Chromosomes uncoil Spindle fibres disintegrate Centrioles replicate Nucleur membrane forms Cell divides

TASK Using the materials provided, make a 3D model of the phase of mitosis assigned to you. 15 minutes

What is Cytokinesis This is the last stage of the cell cycle & it completes the process of cell division During Cytokinesis the cytoplasm divides Organelles are distributed into each of the new cells When cytokinesis is complete two new cells (daughter cells) have formed Cory

At the end of cytokinesis each cell enters interphase and the cell cycle begins. Michelle

Cytokinesis in animal cells During cytokinesis in animal cells the cell membrane squeezes together around the middle of the cell. The cytoplasm forms into two cells. Each daughter cell gets about 1/2 of the organelles. Laura

Cytokinesis in plant cells Because the plant cell has a cell wall unlike the animal cell, it can’t squeeze together like the cell membrane can. Instead a structure called the cell plate forms across the middle of the cell and the cell gradually splits into two cells. Then two new cell wall forms Laura

Cytokinesis in a plant cell Can you spot the Cell plate?? Addison

Cytokinesis in a animal cell. Addison Cytokinesis in a animal cell. The arrow’s point out the cell membrane seperating

Cytokinesis In Animal And Plant Cells Cleavage furrow Contractile ring of microfilaments Daughter cells 100 µm 1 µm Vesicles forming cell plate Wall of patent cell Cell plate New cell wall (a) Cleavage of an animal cell (SEM) (b) Cell plate formation in a plant cell (SEM) Daughter cells