Geographic Routing For Multi-hop Wireless Vehicular Networks Rahul Mangharam, D. Weller, D. Stancil, Raj Rajkumar rahul@cmu.edu Carnegie Mellon University Jay Parikh, General Motors ACM VANET, Cologne, Germany. 2 September 2005

Experimental Multi-hop Vehicular Network Test-bed 5.9 GHz DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communications Between vehicles GPS 1XRTT Cellular Data Network Differential GPS reference station beacons Mobile Nodes Internet Remote Monitoring of Experiment Vehicle-to-Vehicle Multi-hop Vehicle-to-Mobile Gateway Vehicle-to-Infrastructure

Vehicular Networking Application Categories Safety Alerts Sudden Breaking Airbag deployment Skidding Traffic Congestion Probing Travel Time Dynamic Route Planning Road Condition Notification Interactive Applications Social Networking Multimedia Content Exchange Advertising

HEADPHONES W/ MICROPHONE GrooveNet Test Kit LAPTOP w/ RADIO CARD GPS RECEIVER GPS ANTENNA POWER CORD (12 DC) 5.8 GHz ANTENNAS WEB CAM HEADPHONES W/ MICROPHONE Driven 5 vehicles over 400 miles – Urban, Rural and Highway Over 625,000 link measurements

Broadcast Scenarios Highway Driving City Driving Rural Driving Path with Intermediate points Static Source Routing Radial Broadcast Bounding Box Controlled Flooding

GrooveSim: Hybrid Simulator for Vehicular Networks Five Modes of Operation Drive: On-road communication, tracking, logging Over 400 miles driven with 5 vehicles Test Robustness of Protocol Simulate: Over 5,000 concurrent vehicles Anywhere in the US Scalability & Performance Analysis over City, Rural, Highway Playback: Visual Performance Analysis Networking, Propagation, GPS Performance Hybrid Simulate: Mix Real & Virtual Vehicles Effect of real Traffic and Channel Test Generation: Easy Large-scale test setup

Vehicular Network Modeling Mobility Model Speed: Uniform, Street Speed, Markov Model, Load-based model Trip Model Random walk, Explicit Origin-Destination, Distributed Origin-Dest Communication Model Channel Model and Multiple Access Model Traffic Model Start time distribution, use real or synthetic traces

Degrees of Freedom & Metrics Start time Speed Vehicle density Travel direction Size of routing region Message rebroadcast frequency Transmission power Performance Metrics Message Penetration Distance Message Delay Message Lifetime

Minimum Weight Routing 1,000 Vehicles in Chicago, IL suburb Routed with Minimum Cost Routing

Minimum Weight Routing (2) Vehicles migrate to roads with higher speed limits

Performance: Message Propagation Distance

Performance: Message Lifetime

Performance: Message Delay Bounding Box Size # Active Vehicles Message Delay (sec) 1 192 138 40.4 2 150 19 3 162 11

GrooveSim is Easy to Use