The Judicial Branch Who? Supreme Court and Federal Courts

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Presentation transcript:

The Judicial Branch Who? Supreme Court and Federal Courts Chapter 8 Sections 1 and 2 Who? Supreme Court and Federal Courts Main Job: To interpret laws

There are three levels of Federal Courts There are three levels of Federal Courts. The highest court is the Supreme Court. The goal of all federal courts is “equal justice under the law” or for every person to be treated the same.

The trial courts for civil and criminal trials. U.S. District Courts The trial courts for civil and criminal trials. They have original jurisdiction (they hear all federal cases first). They are the only federal courts where witnesses testify and juries hear cases and reach verdicts. Each state has a District Court.

They review decisions made by the lower District Courts. U.S. Court of Appeals They review decisions made by the lower District Courts. *Also called Circuit Courts They have appellate jurisdiction. They hear cases in which someone disagrees with the verdict (outcome) of a case. That person can appeal the decision and ask for it to be overturned (changed) by a higher court. There are 12 appeals courts. Each one presides over an area known as a circuit.

The 12 Federal Circuits

Judges (not juries) make decisions. The Verdicts in Appeals Courts Appeals Court Decisions Judges (not juries) make decisions. The Verdicts in Appeals Courts Uphold the original decision made by a lower court Reverse the original decision made by a lower court Remand the case – send back to a lower court to be retried

What types of cases go to federal court? Cases that involve the Constitution Cases where Federal Law has been violated Disagreements between state governments Cases between citizens of two different states Lawsuits against the Federal government Cases that involve any foreign government or treaty Disputes that deal with crimes on the high seas Cases involving U.S. diplomats.

JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS How do judges get their jobs? They are appointed by the President and approved by the Senate. Once they are approved, they serve a life term. They can only be removed from office by impeachment. Why do Federal Judges serve a life term? It keeps them free from political influences.

even after his term is finished? How can the President influence the country even after his term is finished?

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