Animal Digestive Systems Ag Science Mr. Dieckhoff

Objectives Know the different types of digestive systems of livestock, small animals, and birds. What organs are important for food digestion? Describe how food moves through the digestive system of various animals.

Different Types of Digestive Systems Monogastric Pigs, dogs, cats, horses Avian (Chicken, turkey) Ruminant Cattle, sheep, deer

Monogastric Have only one compartment in their stomach Digests grains easily using amylase starting in the mouth Does not digest forages & fibers easily (unless have enlarged Cecum)

Monogastric Digestive Tract Test

What do each of these organs do…. Mouth – must chew food very well Esophagus – Transports food to stomach using paralysis Stomach (1 compartment) – secretes hydrochloric acid to break down nutrients, pepsin to break down proteins, renin to break down milk

What do each of these organs do…. Small Intestine – further breaks down nutrients and absorbs nutrients into blood stream Duodenum – place where bile (from gall bladder) mixes with fats Jejunum – (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHulRDk__ko) Cecum – Digests fibrous material Large Intestine – water absorption & feces formation

Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lqk7igz9L4

Avian § Type of monogastric – but many new organs §       Crop – part of the esophagus – stores and moistens food §       Proventriculus – similar to the stomach in monogastric animals. Provides digestive secretions §       Gizzard – located after the proventriculus, very muscular, used to grind food Avian

Ruminant four distinct compartments in its stomach, swallows unchewed, regurgitates it, chews it and reswallows it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPCaalSzEE0 microorganisms break down cellulose

Ruminant Digestive Tract

STOMACH COMPARTMENTS Rumen (80% of capacity) Reticulum (5% of capacity) Omasum (7% of capacity) Abomasum (8% of capacity)

Compartment 1:Rumen Large fermentation vat Microorganisms break down cellulose Bacteria, protozoa Creates lost of gases (methane) Ruminants have to be able to eructate (belch) Roughages are reduced in size Hole in stomach video

Rumen Feed Storage Gas Today’s Hay Yesterday’s Feed

The rumen does not develop in the young until they are weaned and begin to eat solid feed

Compartment 2: Reticulum Collects objects that shouldn’t be in the digestive system. Nails Screws Baling wire Magnets are placed into many dairy animals reticulum.

Compartment 3: Omasum Works to remove water from the food Absorbs fatty acids

Compartment 4: Abomasum (True Stomach) Glandular Stomach (like yours) Secretes digestive juices. Breaks down food stuff further for absorption. Absorbs some nutrients.

Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVNNJf_28KE

Order that food moves. Rumen Reticulum Omasum Abomasum Hint to remember Alphabetically back-words. Ru Re O A

Review Questions 1. What are the two primary types of digestive systems and give two examples of animals that have each type?  2. What organs are in the digestive tract of Monogastrics? 3. What are the four compartments of a ruminant digestive stomach?