32.1-Lightning War in Europe

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Presentation transcript:

32.1-Lightning War in Europe

Lightning War USSR & Germany-nonaggression pact in 1939 Hitler turned to Poland-surprise attack on Poland Sept. 1939 France and Britain declared war on Germany-too late to make a difference-Germany conquered Poland Fighting called blitzkrieg- lightning war-quick tanks and planes followed by massive foot soldiers to take enemy by surprise

Phony War Stalin moved in-took over Finland British and France mobilized on Maginot Line-waited for an attack-nothing happened Referred to as Phony War-two sides waited for the other to attack-nothing Ended when Hitler launched surprise attack on Denmark and Norway

Fall of France Nazis attack Belgium in hopes of conquering France Some resistance originally- soon fell to Nazis North remained under Nazi control-Charles de Gaulle set up French government in London-try to reconquer France

Battle of Britain Fall of France-Britain alone to fight Nazis (led by Winston Churchill) Germany began bombing Britain- bombed major cities (London) to try to break British morale-did not stop British RAF (Royal Air Force) of Britain- able to combat Germans through use of radar and Enigma machine to crack Nazi codes Fighting continued-British resistance too strong-Hitler left Britain

Fighting in N. Africa After defeat in Britain-Hitler turned attention to N. Africa Mussolini moved into Egypt (British controlled) Originally success for Italy- Britain pushed back and took over N. Africa Hitler sent in troops to help Italy led by Erwin Rommel- pushed back and took Libya from Britain-big loss

Balkans and E. Front Germany fighting in Balkans- seen as key way to get into USSR Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania joined Axis powers Took over Greece and Yugoslavia

Invasion of USSR German invasion of USSR- Operation Barbarossa Soviet troops not ready-Hitler pushed 500 miles into USSR-Soviets used scorched Earth policy against Germans Surrounded city of Leningrad-tried to starve all the civilians-city refused to fall As winter months came in-Germans were not ready and forced to retreat Got nothing and lost huge amount of lives

US Position US passed Neutrality Acts in late 1930s-stay out of war Sold weapons to Allied Powers- not neutral Also escorted Allied ships across Atlantic-Germans began naval warfare against US Final straw for US entry- bombing of Pearl Harbor