Comparative Case Study of Indonesian Entrepreneurial Eco-Systems Andreas Schwab Iowa State University Visiting Senior Fulbright Research Scholar Institute of Technology Bandung Andreas Schwab Associate Professor and Dean’s Fellow in Management at Iowa State University Visiting senior research scholar at the Institute of Technology Bandung To study Entrepreneurial Eco-Systems in the Indonesian textile industry. © 2018 Andreas Schwab All Rights Reserved

Comparative Case Study of Indonesian Entrepreneurial Eco-Systems Project History Fulbright Senior Teaching Scholar 2013/14 I have to start with a confession: I am a repeat offender I was a Fulbright Senior Teaching Scholar in 2013/14 The contacts and involvement in the current project originated then Actually, I believe the current research project involvement would have never happened without this earlier Fulbright grant Indonesia is rich on entrepreneurship research opportunities. There are multiple entrepreneurship related initiatives by the Indonesian government, the US government and Indonesian universities. The project I joined is funded by the Indonesian government and several ITB grants. SO WHAT IS THE PROJECT?

Comparative Case Study of Indonesian Entrepreneurial Eco-Systems Solo Batik Industry Data collection completed July 2017 Bandung Hijab Industry Data collection on-going

Rich Entrepreneurship Research Opportunities in Indonesia Growing academic recognition: Entrepreneurial context matters US and Europe centric prior research Economic, social and cultural factors Advantages of Indonesian empirical setting Entrepreneurship research initiatives (RI, US, ITB) Economic, social and cultural heterogeneity creates opportunities for quasi and actual field experiments within Indonesia Rich opportunities for entrepreneurship research in Indonesia This includes a emerging recognition in the international research community that entrepreneurial context matters and our accumulated research is extremely US and Europe focused. Hence, it might not apply or capture what is happening in other contexts. Beyond economic development conditions, other social and cultural factors matter. Matter a lot! Hence, any related policy advice might be inappropriate.

Challenges of Entrepreneurship Research in Indonesia Sophistication of empirical research capabilities Data collection and construct measurement Data coding and analysis Academic ambitions Many small studies based on limited data Targeting B-level journal Institutional frame Institutional review board Research permits for foreign scholars

Specific Challenges of Current Entrepreneurial Eco-System Study Solo Batik Industry Study Data collection completed Severe data limitations (e.g., network data) Hindsight: Do not “assume”! Bandung Hijab Industry Revision and expansion of data collection Multiple integrated collection efforts Multiple data collection instruments Revised and expanded research team

Unexpected Discovery: Hidden Indonesian Entrepreneurship Data Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 300+ research institutions 100+ countries 200,000 face-to-face interviews each year

Indonesian GEM Partner: Parahyangan Catholic University (UNPAR) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Partner since 2013 Annual face-to-face data collection effort (n=2000-5500) GEM core survey questions and data collection protocols Additional “special interest” questions Current Status Formation of joint research team to exploit collected data and to support future data collection Received additional ITB research grant Two papers on women entrepreneurship accepted at leading international entrepreneurship conference

Impact of Fulbright Research Assignment Several quality studies of entrepreneurship in Indonesia Journal publications and policy recommendations Exposure of local researchers to advanced research methodologies (e.g., value of established measures) Long-term outcomes Institutional frame for continued GEM collaboration between ITB and UNPAR Development of institutional review board Personal involvement in related future research projects (e.g., ASEAN perspective) Conclusion: Initiating and supporting institutional change is feasible and promises sustainable long-term positive impact!

Comparative Case Study of Indonesian Entrepreneurial Eco-Systems Andreas Schwab Iowa State University Visiting Senior Fulbright Research Scholar Institute of Technology Bandung Andreas Schwab Associate Professor and Dean’s Fellow in Management at Iowa State University Visiting senior research scholar at the Institute of Technology Bandung To study Entrepreneurial Eco-Systems in the Indonesian textile industry. © 2018 Andreas Schwab All Rights Reserved