The Korean War 11.9.2 Understand the role of NATO and SEATO, in deterring communist aggression and maintaining security during the Cold War. 11.9.3 Trace the origins and geopolitical consequences of the Cold War and containment policy, including the Korean War. . . EQ 3: How did President Truman use the power of the presidency to limit the spread of communism in East Asia?

Expanding Presidential Authority What trend do you notice in presidential power? What do you predict will happen in future crisis? Crisis President Expanded Authority Napoleonic Wars Adams Prevented free speech Great Depression FD Roosevelt Gov gave direct relief ($) to unemployed Red Scare/Nuclear War Truman Spy Agency Made war without Congressional approval Terrorism Geo. W. Bush/Obama Spying on Americans Drone attacks in other countries World War Z ?

Red Scare in Asia Soviet Union and US divided Korea into North and South China “fell” to communism under Mao in 1949 Two Chinas – Mainland China = Peoples republic of China Taiwan – Republic of China China and USSR became allies Americans felt that containment was failing 3

The Korean War the UN established division at the 38th parallel North Korea became communist under the USSR after WWII South Korea became a democracy under Syngman Rhee North Korea invaded South Korea the Senate consented to send US troops under the UN to prevent the “domino effect” Douglas MacArthur named UN commander 4

June 1950 July 1950 Sept. 1950 June 1951

Gen. Douglas MacArthur and The Korean War MacArthur led UN troops in Japan to liberate South Korea landed at Inchon pushed North Korea back to the Chinese border China sent a million volunteers to aid North Korea this is when people really started freaking out MacArthur argued for nuclear attacks on Chinese ports and bases in Manchuria

Korea - Limited War Truman ordered MacArthur to hold 38th parallel but not to advance past it he even suggested using nukes along the Yalu River MacArthur publicly criticized Truman’s “limited war” MacArthur called the Korean war “the wrong war, at the wrong place, at the wrong time, and with the wrong enemy” MacArthur was possibly the most popular public figure in the nation and Truman…was really not Truman fired MacArthur

Korea – A Demilitarized Zone, 1953 a cease fire was signed between North Korea and the US under Eisenhower South Korea did not sign it technically, they are still at war no army may occupy the border between the two Koreas both nations and the US have troops stationed at the edge of the DMZ Most heavily militarized border in world US Casualties 36,516 dead 92,134 wounded 8,176 MIA 7,245 POW[7]

SEATO South-East Asian Treaty Organization, 1954 sought containment in Asia, it dissolved in 1977 8 nations joined—Australia, Britain, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, and the US showed growing commitment by the US to fight communism by 1960, 500,000+ US troops were stationed around the globe defense was 50% of the budget SEATO

EQ 3: How did President Truman use the power of the presidency to limit the spread of communism in East Asia?