Satire Juvenalian – negative view of censorship

Definition A literary work that ridicules its subject through the use of techniques such as exaggeration, reversal, incongruity, and/or parody in order to make a comment or criticism about it.

First Type of Satire: Formal In formal satire, the satiric voice speaks, usually in the first person, either directly to the reader or to a character in the written work. There are two types of formal satire: Horatian and Juvenalian

Horatian Satire Horatian Satire, named for the Roman poet, Horace, is gentle, urbane, smiling; it aims to correct through gentle and sympathetic laughter.

Horatian Satire Positive “poking fun” of the cell phone generation

Horatian Satire Horation – positive poking fun of our “fast food generation” and the idea of corrupt firms

Juvenalian Satire Juvenalian Satire, named for the Roman poet Juvenal, is biting, bitter, angry; it points with contempt and moral indignation to the corruption and evil of human beings and institutions.

Juvenalian Satire Juvenalian because of the dark undertone and focus on such a negative thing as the bombing of Heroshima and Nagasaki.

Juvenalian Satire Negative undertones – biting humor

Second Type of Satire Indirect Satire: In indirect satire, the satire is expressed through a narrative, and the characters or groups who are the focus of the satire are ridiculed not by what is said about them, but by what they themselves say and do. Much of the great literary satire is indirect.

Examples of Indirect Satire: The Simpsons Family Guy South Park Brave New World Great Expectations Scary Movie 1, 2 and 3 Chappelle’s Show Clueless Saturday Night Live MAD TV. Naked Gun The Truman Show Scrubs Huckleberry Finn

Four Techniques of Satire 1. Exaggeration To enlarge, increase, or represent something beyond normal bounds so that it becomes ridiculous and its faults can be seen. 2. Incongruity To present things that are out of place or are absurd in relation to its surroundings. 3. Reversal To present the opposite of the normal order (e.g., the order of events hierarchical order). 4. Parody To imitate the techniques and/or style of some person, place or thing.

Exaggeration Showing the expansion of our population through sticking them in a phone booth – exaggeration because it compares our world to the phonebooth – can we handle more expansion?

Incongruity A microscope would not be invented during the prehistoric times.

Reversal Dog is speaking – human is telling his problems

Parody Poking fun at the Mona Lisa – something that is well known, but putting a twist on it.

Irony Definition: the use of words to convey a  meaning that is the opposite of its  literal meaning:

Types of Irony Verbal - the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. Situational - a state of affairs or an event that seems deliberately contrary to what one expects and is often amusing as a result. Dramatic - a literary technique, originally used in Greek tragedy, by which the full significance of a character's words or actions are clear to the audience or reader although unknown to the character.

Verbal Irony

Situational Irony

Dramatic Irony

Horation or Juvenalian? Juvenalian – negative undertone of the idea of eating meat and choosing the lesser of two evils

Juvenalian Juvenalian – negative undertone of the idea of eating meat and choosing the lesser of two evils

Horation or Juvenalian? Horation – light hearted poking fun at the economic crisis and the rising gas prices

Horation Horation – light hearted poking fun at the economic crisis and the rising gas prices

Which of the four types? Reversal – dog is reading the book “War and Fleas” and speaking to his owner

Reversal Reversal – dog is reading the book “War and Fleas” and speaking to his owner

Which of the four types? Reversal – Wolf as the manager who is interviewing the kid.

Reversal Reversal Reversal – Wolf as the manager who is interviewing the kid.

Which of the four types? Parody of the typical evolutionary chart found in science books – exaggeration because of showing the sort of “de-evolution” of man reverting back to the posture of an ape

Parody & Exaggeration Parody of the typical evolutionary chart found in science books – exaggeration because of showing the sort of “de-evolution” of man reverting back to the posture of an ape

Which of the four types? Reversal – turkeys as humans supporting their “party”

Reversal Reversal – turkeys as humans supporting their “party”

Verbal, Situational, or Dramatic?

Dramatic

Verbal, Situational, or Dramatic?

Situational

Verbal, Situational, or Dramatic?

Verbal

By Geoffrey Chaucer

Geoffrey Chaucer Born around 1340, died 1400, in London Among the first writers to show that English could be a respectable literary language Joined the king’s army to fight against the French in the Hundred Years’ War and was captured by the French. Enjoyed royal favor; king paid his ransom; married Philippa, a lady in waiting to the queen

Uncommon Honor Chaucer was buried in London’s Westminster Abbey, when an admirer erected an elaborate marble tomb for his remains. This was the beginning of the famous Poets’ Corner, where many other great English writers have since been buried. Both an asteroid and a lunar crater have been named for Chaucer. He is often considered the “father” of English literature.

Where is Canterbury? Wanna visit it?

Canterbury Today

Background of The Canterbury Tales A pilgrimage is a religious journey undertaken for penance and grace. As pilgrimages went, Canterbury was not a very difficult destination for an English person to reach. It was, therefore, very popular in fourteenth-century England. Pilgrims traveled to visit the remains of Saint Thomas Becket, in Canterbury Cathedral, where they thanked the martyr for having helped them when they were in need.

So Who Was Saint Thomas Becket? He is venerated as a saint and martyr by both the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. He engaged in conflict with Henry II of England over the rights and privileges of the Church and was assassinated by followers of the king in Canterbury Cathedral. Soon after the death of Thomas Becket, Pope Alexander III canonized him.

Canterbury Cathedral