Section 2.1 The History of Chemistry

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Presentation transcript:

Section 2.1 The History of Chemistry

Ideas About the Composition of Matter The idea that all matter is made up of particles started with Greek Philosopher more than 2500 years ago. How many times can you break down a substance until it cant be broken down any more?

Democritus atomos = “uncuttable” The smallest particle that cannot be broken down any more Each material is made up of different types of matter

Aristotle Earth Air Fire Water He supported a different hypothesis, everything is made up of four elements… Earth Air Fire Water

Alchemy Part magician part scientist

Alchemists tried to turn lead to gold

Modern Chemistry

Daltons Theory Each element is made of an atom. Atoms of one element are identical. These atoms all the same mass. No two elements have atoms with the same mass. Billiard ball model  atoms are like tiny solid spheres.

Adding electrons…

J.J Thompson discovered the electron. The raisin bun model

Rutherford’s planetary model (1907) nucleus (+) electron (-)

The atom is made up of mostly SPACE

Chadwick nucleus (+) containing protons (+) and neutrons (=) electron (-)

Bohr Model (1922) Electron Shells

Quantum Mechanical Model – todays model

Which model of the atom will we use? nucleus protons (+) neutrons (=) electron (-)