Regeneration: Evolution,

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Regeneration: Evolution, Model Organisms, And Unanswered Questions

Some of Model Organisms Used in Regenerative Biology

Bilaterian Triploblast Sanchez and Tsonis, 2006

Salamanders are to Regeneration as KY is to Basketball, Bourbon, and Thoroughbreds Spinal Cord Limb

Salamander Limb Regeneration Day 5 Day 14 Day 35

Salamander Limb Blastema

Blastema cells are a mix of restricted and multipotent cells. Three Models: (Tanaka, 2003) Blastema cells remain restricted Blastema cells become multipotent Blastema cells are a mix of restricted and multipotent cells.

How is Proximodistal Patterning Achieved?

The Ependymal Response

Ependymal response 14 days post amputation (dpa) Cross section (16 micron) of the regenerating blastema. The ependymal canal is in the center. The second figure shows a closeup of the ependymal canal. Eosin and Hemotoxilin (nuclei) stain showing nuclei in blue. For regenerating nerves, axons are following the path of ependymal cell extension.