Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA Eastern Region/ Penn State University Annual Airports Conference Promoting Runway Safety The Pilots Perspective Chairman Airport and Ground Environment Group First Officer Steve Jangelis April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 2 Why Do I Volunteer for Safety Work? Im more than a statistic, I was involved in a Runway Incursion.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 3 3 Night, VFR, Rain Showers, Thunderstorms in vicinity Close Call involving a B and B B-737 was directed to Taxi into position and hold Runway 27R with B-767 on a 5 mile approach same runway. Fort Lauderdale International Airport, March 2001

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 4 4 Fort Lauderdale International Airport, March B767 on approach was then cleared to land with B-737 still holding in position for takeoff…TWICE!!

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 5 5 Fort Lauderdale International Airport, March B-767 overflew B-737 holding in displaced threshold by less than 100 feet.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 6 Who Is ALPA? Represent more than 53,000 pilots at 38 Airlines in North America Members of IFALPA which represents over 110,000 pilots at more than 100 member Associations Safety makes up a significant percentage of the operating budget Why? - Schedule With Safety has been our motto for more than 80 years.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 7 Safety Committee Snapshot Pilot Training Safety Projects & Activities ARFF Runway Incursion Aircraft Performance Incident Investigations Accident Investigations ATC EMAS Cargo Safety ASAP FOQA Runway Excursion Hold Short for Runway Safety

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 8 Looking for Better Ways to Manage Risks Before They Become Accidents

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 9 Airports & Regulators DO Help Pilots Mitigating Wildlife Hazards Mitigating Excursions-Paved Surfaces New Runway Safety Technologies EMAS Lighting (RWSL & THLs) Signage Ground Markings ADS-B NOTAMS Hazard Reporting

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA years ago… The potential severity of runway incursions was fully realized We also faced great risk of: CFIT accidents Windshear accidents Mid-air collisions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 11 Threat: Controlled Flight Into Terrain

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 12 Threat: Low Level Windshear

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 13 Threat: Mid Air Collision

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 14 Two commuter aircraft, Quincy, IL, November 11, Runway Incursion Likelihood

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 15 Runway Incursion Severity Runway Incursion, B737 & Metro III Collision at LAX February 1, 1991

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 16 Conclusion: Runway Incursion Risk is Unacceptable

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 17 Runway Incursions DO NOT Discriminate They can happen at any airport at any time to anybody!

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 18 We cannot change the potential severity of an incursion We can reduce the likelihood of an incursion through layers of mitigations. The FAA Runway Safety Council meets quarterly with stakeholders to address present day threats and implement changes in day-to-day operations. Runway Incursion Mitigations

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 19 Highly Effective Mitigations: Aircraft Moving Map Add traffic to display Runway occupancy advisories Graphical/text of taxi and clearance limits ASDE-X All great high tech solutions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 20 Low Tech Mitigations PAINT Enhanced Holding Position Markings

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 21 Low Tech Mitigations Runway Guard Lights LIGHTS Runway Status Lights

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 22 RWSL and THL Lighting

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 23 ALPA White Paper on Runway Incursions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA Runway Excursions-Simple?? 24

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 25 Air France, Runway 24L Toronto, August 2005 Runway Excursions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 26 Southwest Airlines Southwest Airlines Chicago, IL Chicago, IL Dec. 8, 2005 Dec. 8, 2005 One Ground Fatality One Ground Fatality Runway Excursions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 27 TACA Airlines overrun Tegucigalpa, Honduras May 30, Fatalities (2 on Ground) Runway Excursions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 28 WITH GOOD WEATHER… LETS SEE A TEGUCIGALPA APPROACH TO THE SAME RUNWAY…

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 29

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 30 Kalitta Air aborted T.O. Brussels, Belgium May 25, slight injuries to flight crew Runway Excursions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 31 THIS COULD HAVE BEEN MUCH WORSE Runway Excursions

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 32 Wildlife Everybody knows the threat exists So what can pilots do to help mitigate the hazard?

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 33 Wildlife Some ideas have been floated, but not implemented.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 34 Wildlife Through our ALPA Airport Safety Liaison outreach with USDA and FAA input, we have found many airport operators and ATC facilities: Cannot get real time bird information. Do not know the threat exists to even attempt to mitigate. Pilots need to communicate and we are strongly promoting this amongst the membership.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 35 Why Worry About Birds?

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA Why Worry About Birds? 36

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA Why Worry About Birds? 37

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 38 Bird + Engine = Bad Day

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA Why Worry About Birds? 39

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 40 Why Worry About Birds?

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 41 We Know Help Is On The Way Bird Detection Radars Advanced USDA Studies Better Mitigation Tactics Noise Makers Birds of Prey Millimeter Radars Habitat Elimination

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 42 Runway Excursion Mitigations Rubber Deposit removal. Maintain Grooving. Reflective Beads In Markings. Accurate Signage. ACCURATE CONDITION REPORTING

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA Condition Reporting 43

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 44 Runway Excursion Mitigations The FARs now requiring 1000 X 500 feet of Runway Safety Area or acceptable alternative. Which leads to EMAS…….

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 45 EMAS One Option

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 46 CRW January 19, 2010 CRJ-200 aircraft overrun Runway 23 at Yeager Airport (CRW), Charleston, WV. EMAS installed NOV 2008 EMAS is 425 ft in length Skid marks on runway = 2,000 ft long. Aircraft stopped before the cliff No injuries.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 47 CRW

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 48 CRW

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 49 CRW

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA EMAS 50

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 51 ALPA Position on EMAS Air carrier airports should upgrade all runway safety areas. Where upgrades meeting minimum standards of AC 150/ or ICAO ANNEX 14 Section 3.4 are not feasible, Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS) should be installed.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 52 Safety Management System (SMS) Safety Policy and Objectives - All stakeholders must define their policies and procedures. Safety Risk Assessment - Detecting Risk. Safety Assurance – Data driven decision making (FOQA, ASAP, IEP, ATOS, ATSAP). Safety Promotion and Training - Encouraging a sound safety culture, communication & organizational learning. Essential Pillars of SMS:

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 53 Mistake? Investigate! Duplicate? Beyond one probable cause… Probability of Cause, maybe? FAA certifies all airmen as expert operators based on stringent training and qualification requirements. We know who did what. Why did the system not support expert operators? System must be resilient to random errors made by expert, yet human, operators.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 54 Punishment Is that the Safest Answer?

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 55 ``This is a great honor for us. Providing a safe, secure operation is Delta's first and most fundamental obligation to our employees and customers. At Delta, safety is embraced as our No. 1 leadership value, and Delta people integrate it into everything we do. Richard Anderson Delta Air Lines CEO Safety Starts at the Top and the Culture Follows Down to the Line Pilot

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 56 Use SMS to Find the Causes Involve the input of other employees, not just the ones involved in the incident. Identify if there is a pattern. Determine the risk; will it happen again? Change or implement a new process or procedure when a cause is found. Use employees to come up with new ideas or changes. Dont go it alone! Maintain an open door safety policy always!

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 57 Airline Training Changed to Implement Safer Attitudes and Operations.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 58 Airline Training Changed to Implement Safer Attitudes and Operations. Ops Notes Mandatory Runway Incursion Training

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 59 ASAP / FOQA Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP) Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA) ALPA fully supports and endorses these programs

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 60 Training, SOPs, and Education What could ALPA do to educate our membership about Runway Safety?

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 61 ALPA Web Site Click here for page

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 62 Online Runway Safety Course

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 63 Screen Capture from ALPA Web Site Training, SOPs, and Education

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 64 Runway Safety Bulletins

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 65 Pilots Must Arm Themselves Using Best Practices and NOTAMs

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 66 NOTAMS and Why We Must Reinforce Their Importance.

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 67 Airport Crews Must Do the Same Cargolux 747 almost landed on the van. Driver thought he was on a closed runway Damage and marks are from the tires on the landing gear

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 68 When You Need a Pilots Perspective at Your airport. Consists of 150 safety- trained pilot volunteers educated in airport operations - Part 139. Provides a line pilot finding on operations and safety issues. Full support and resources of ALPA Engineering and Air Safety Department staff. ALPA Airport Safety Liaison Program

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 69 ALPA on the Front Line working together with Airports Providing the ALPA Line Pilot Perspective ALPA Outreach to Airports at Industry Forums

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 70 Runway and Airport Safety – A Puzzling Issue…

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 71 Will Be Solved When We Work Together Moving Map Display Runway Status Lights Surface Movement Radar Perimeter Taxiways & EMAS Training & Communications Visual Aids

Air Line Pilots Association, International FAA EA Region/PSU Annual Airports Conf. April 2-April 4, 2012~ Hershey, PA 72 THANK YOU for your commitment to the continuous improvement of aviation safety. Together we are making a difference

Air Line Pilots Association, International Promoting Runway Safety The Pilots Perspective First Officer Steve Jangelis AGE Group Chairman