American Literary History

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Presentation transcript:

American Literary History Seven Eras That Have Influenced American Literature

1. The First American Literature: Native Americans Communicated Orally Included myths and legends Focus on nature Creation Stories

2. The Enlightenment (1607-1800) Two Phases: 1. Age of Faith (Puritans/Religion) 2. Age of Reason (Patriots/Politics)

Age of Faith (1607-1750) Puritans and Pilgrims Genres/Style: Sermons Plain style Instructive Some Major Writers: Anne Bradstreet John Smith

Age of Reason (1750-1800) Political context (time of American Revolution) Use of reason over faith alone Genres/style: Political pamphlets, speeches, essays, documents Major Writers: Ben Franklin Thomas Jefferson Thomas Paine

3. Romanticism (1800-1855) Time of Industrial Revolution Genres/style: Short stories, novels, poetry Imagination valued over reason; intuition valued over fact Major Writers: Nathaniel Hawthorne Washington Irving Edgar Allen Poe

4. Transcendentalism (1840-1855) Stressed individualism, self-reliance, intuition, and connection with nature Father of Transcendentalism= Ralph Waldo Emerson Other major writer=Henry David Thoreau

5. Realism (1865-1915) Civil War era Genres/style: Major Writers: Novels, short stories Focus on lives of ordinary people; “tell it like it is” Nature is powerful, and beyond man’s control Major Writers: Frederick Douglass Harriet Beecher Stowe Mark Twain Jack London

6. Modernism (1915-1945) Time of World War I and overwhelming advances in technology Genres/style: Experimental styles Dominant mood=alienation & disconnection Major writers: Ernest Hemingway William Faulkner John Steinbeck

7. Contemporary (1945-present) Time of Post WWII prosperity; media saturated culture Genres/style: Lines of reality blurred concern with individual in isolation ethnic and women writers emerge Major Writers: Allen Ginsberg, Gwendolyn Brooks, Sylvia Plath, Elie Wiesel, Stephen King…

Let’s Review…. Tell me ONE THING YOU REMEMBER, and ONE COMMENT YOU HAVE about: Native Americans Enlightenment: Age of Faith Enlightenment: Age of Reason Romanticism Transcendentalism Realism Modernism Contemporary

In Conclusion… You are responsible for knowing this information for this week’s quiz. We will also refer back to this information throughout the course, so DON’T LOSE YOUR NOTES!!!