Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Two-Year Clinical Experience Valavanur A Subramanian, John C McCabe, Charles M Geller The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 64, Issue 6, Pages 1648-1655 (December 1997) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01099-0
Fig. 1 Minimal-access incisions for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) grafting of various coronary artery target sites. (D1 = first diagonal artery; LAD = left anterior descending artery; PLA = posterolateral brunch of the circumflex artery; OM1, OM2 = first and second obtuse marginal arteries; RI = radial artery.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1648-1655DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01099-0)
Fig. 2 Internal mammary artery access retractor in place, showing the mobilized left internal mammary artery. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1648-1655DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01099-0)
Fig. 3 Regional cardiac wall immobilization with mechanical coronary artery stabilizer in place. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1648-1655DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01099-0)