Introduction to Biotechnology ACh Introduction to Biotechnology

Introduction to Biotechnology What is Biotechnology Q1. What is biotechnology? Q2. Give two examples of successful use of biotechnology.

Definition of Biotechnology Introduction to Biotechnology Definition of Biotechnology Definition of Biotechnology: Q1. Define biotechnology. Q2. What is the major difference between biotechnology and other single scientific discipline? Q3. Which scientific fields contribute in biotechnology?

Examples of applications of biotechnology from ancient times Introduction to Biotechnology Examples of applications of biotechnology from ancient times Q1. Mention three examples of biotechnology that have been used by humans for thousands of years.

Example of application of biotechnology in modern times Introduction to Biotechnology Example of application of biotechnology in modern times In 2013, Bangladesh commercialized Bt eggplant, becoming the first developing country in the world to take a public sector genetically modified food crop to benefit smallholder farmers. Bt eggplant (or brinjal) carries a gene that makes it resistant to the main crop pest, fruit and shoot borer. This serious pest otherwise destroys over half the crop and forces farmers to spray toxic insecticides. Bt brinjal enables farmers to dramatically reduce their use of insecticides, by 80% or more, and thereby protect their health and the local environment. https://www.slideshare.net/reja1310/eggplant-production-overview-by-reja http://www.smartindianagriculture.in/bangladesh-minister-takes-on-ngos-politically-shows-an-example-for-india/ Q1. What is Bt brinjal? Q2. How Bt brinjal was established? Q2. What is the major benefit of using it?

Biomass in Biotechnology

Biomass in Biotechnology Biomass: Renewable organic materials, such as wood, agricultural crops or wastes, and municipal wastes, especially when used as a source of fuel or energy.  Biomass can be burned directly or processed into biofuels such as ethanol and methane. https://sites.google.com/site/bioenergyeas2/home/definition Q1. What is biomass? Q2. Can biomass be burnt directly?

Biomass in Biotechnology Products from biomass Q1. Mention the classes of important products that can be derived from biomass. Q2. Mention three examples of fuels derived from biomass. Q3. Mention one example each for feedstocks, fertilizers, feeds that are derived from biomass.

Genetics & Biotechnology

Steps of Genetic Engineering Genetics & Biotechnology Steps of Genetic Engineering https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/biotech-dna-technology/dna-cloning-tutorial/a/overview-dna-cloning Genetic engineering is the modern modification and subspecialty of the branch of science called biotechnology. It deals with the specific and targeted modifications of the genetic material of bacteria, plants or animals to stimulate them biosynthesize the desired products. Q1. What is genetic engineering? What is its usefulness? Q2. Diagrammatically show the key steps of cloning a foreign DNA into a plasmid.

Fermentation Technology

Fermentation Biotechnology Fermentation is an energy-yielding anaerobic metabolic process in which organisms convert nutrients (typically carbohydrates) to alcohols and acids (lactic acid and acetic acid). Q1. What is fermentation? Give an example.

Fermentation products Fermentation Biotechnology Fermentation products Q1. Mention the industrial sectors that produce fermentation products with one example.

Fermentation products Fermentation Biotechnology Fermentation products Q1. Mention the industrial sectors that produce fermentation products with one example.

Fermentation products Fermentation Biotechnology Fermentation products Q1. Mention the industrial sectors that produce fermentation products with one example.

Fermentation Biotechnology Organic compounds Q1. List in a table the advantages and disadvantages of producing organic compounds by biological rather than chemical means.

Enzyme Technology

Enzyme Technology The nature of enzymes Q1. What are enzymes? Q2. Which ability of enzymes led to their widespread use in industrial and food processes?

The application of enzymes Enzyme Technology The application of enzymes

The application of enzymes Enzyme Technology The application of enzymes

The application of enzymes Enzyme Technology The application of enzymes Q1. Give eight examples of industrial application of enzymes and mention their usages.

Biological Fuel Generation

Biological Fuel Generation Biofuels Q1. Why fuels obtained from crops are called renewable biofuels? Q2. Does fossil fuel reserve have finite nature? Q3. Can biomass be considered as a renewable energy source?

Biological Fuel Generation Biofuels Q1. What is biofuel? Give two examples. Q2. Mention six biomass sources with the name of one biofuel that can be generated from them.

Biological Fuel Generation Bioethanol https://www.slideshare.net/SmritiTikoo/bioethanol-production-64568557 Q1. What is bioethanol?

Biological Fuel Generation Bioethanol http://www.engineerspathshala.in/2016/04/green-technology-as-alternative-fuel-in.html No question in the exam from this slide.

Biological Fuel Generation Biodiesel Q1. What is biodiesel? How can it be made from the rapeseed oil?

Biological Fuel Generation Biodiesel Q1. Mention three advantages of biodiesel over fossil fuel-derived diesel.

Biological Fuel Generation Future of Biofuels Q1. Mention two factors that determine the entry of biofuels into the energy market.

Environmental Biotechnology

Use of environmental biotechnology to clean the environment Q1. What is the fundamental difference between industrial and environmental biotechnology with respect to use of microorganisms? Q2. Why is it important to enhance the degradative potential microorganisms to degrade recalcitrant pollutants?

Environmental Biotechnology Biodegradation Biodegradation can be defined as the decomposition of substances by microbial activities either by single organisms but most often by microbial community. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-287-110-7_4/fulltext.html Q1. Schematically show how organic molecules can undergo biodegradation by natural microbes.

Reference Textbook: Smith Biotechnology 5th Edition Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK