Pathloss and Channel Model Considerations for P802.11ah Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 Pathloss and Channel Model Considerations for P802.11ah Date: September 18, 2011 Authors: Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company

Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 Abstract Currently proposed channel and pathloss models (doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0883r0) includes a placeholder for an outdoor STA-STA pathloss model. This contribution reviews outdoor STA-STA pathloss models for urban environments in literature and proposes a STA-STA pathloss model. John Doe, Some Company

STA-STA pathloss models in urban environment Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 STA-STA pathloss models in urban environment Very few pathloss model and measurement results for STA-STA link in urban environment available Z. Wang, E.K. Tameh, A. R. Nix, “Statistical Peer-to-Peer Channel Models for Outdoor Urban Environments at 2GHz and 5GHz”, VTC Fall, 2004 J. R. Hampton, N. M. Merheb, W. L. Lain, D. E. Paunil, R. M. Shuford,and W. T. Kasch, “Urban propagation measurements for ground based communication in the military UHF band,” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagat., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 644–654, Feb. 2006. K. Konstantinos, S. Kang, T. Brown and C. Tzaras, ”Measurement and modelling of the propagation channel between low-height terminals”, IET Microw. Antennas Propag., 2011, Vol. 5, Iss. 4, pp. 412–418 Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company

Pathloss model summary Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 Pathloss model summary [1] PL_NLOS = 4.01+ 10*5.86 log10 (d in m) (f=2GHz) PL_LOS = 31.48 + 10*2 log10(d in m) (f=900MHz) [2] Model needs explicit modeling of streets and fewer measurements compared to 1. However, their measurements also suggest a pathloss exponent of 6-7 in NLOS case (only few measurements) [3] PL_NLOS (h_STA=1.5m, f=900MHz) = 16.90 + 42.4*log10(d in m) Proposal use the model in [3] which is based on measurements compared to the model in [1] which has been derived from a ray-tracing model Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company

Frequency scaling 2GHz  900MHz Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 Frequency scaling 2GHz  900MHz The Path-loss model in [1] can be converted to frequency range 450 – 900 MHz by applying different frequency dependence coefficients in the range 20 – 35 dB per decade specified for frequency ranges 0.45 – 1.5, 1.5 –2.0 and 2.0 – 6.0 GHz separately. (See Table 4-1. in [4]) Pathloss for urban scenario decreases 10.18dB from 2GHz to 900MHz PL_NLOS = -6.17+ 58.6 log10 (d in m) Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company

Pathloss model comparison Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 Pathloss model comparison More than 20dB difference at a distance of 1km when using AP-STA pathloss model compared to STA-STA models in urban scenario Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company

Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 Proposal Include one of the following two options in the channel model document section 3.2 (outdoor pathloss model for D2D) The antenna height is assumed 1.5m and the path loss in [dB] is given by the formula Option 1: PL= 16.90 + 42.4*log10(d) Option 2: PL = -6.17 + 58.6*log10(d) where d is in meters and the RF carrier is assumed at 900MHz. The above formulas represent the average path loss. Deviation around this average to account for shadowing should be modelled by adding a random Gaussian variable with zero mean and a standard deviation of 7.5dB. Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company

Month Year doc.: IEEE 802.11-yy/xxxxr0 September 2011 References Z. Wang, E.K. Tameh, A. R. Nix, “Statistical Peer-to-Peer Channel Models for Outdoor Urban Environments at 2GHz and 5GHz”, VTC Fall, 2004 J. R. Hampton, N. M. Merheb, W. L. Lain, D. E. Paunil, R. M. Shuford,and W. T. Kasch, “Urban propagation measurements for ground based communication in the military UHF band,” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagat., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 644–654, Feb. 2006. K. Konstantinos, S. Kang, T. Brown and C. Tzaras, ”Measurement and modelling of the propagation channel between low-height terminals”, IET Microw. Antennas Propag., 2011, Vol. 5, Iss. 4, pp. 412–418 WINNER+ D5., WINNER+ Final Channel Models, June 2010 Klaus Doppler, Nokia John Doe, Some Company