Reproduction, Traits, and Heredity By: Mrs. Crisp

S.P.I 0507.4.1 – Recognize that information is passed from parent to offspring during reproduction. 0507.4.2 – Distinguish between inherited traits and those that can be attributed to the environment.

An inherited behavior, one that is not learned but done automatically. Academic Vocabulary   Gene A portion of a chromosome that contains chemical instructions for inherited traits. Dominant Trait The form of an inherited trait that masks the other form of the same trait. Recessive Trait The form of a trait that is hidden, or masked, in the hybrid generation. Instinct An inherited behavior, one that is not learned but done automatically.

Academic Vocabulary Carrier   Carrier The individual who has inherited a factor for a trait but does not show the trait physically. Heredity The passing down of inherited traits from one generation to the next. Inherited Trait A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring. Pedigree A chart used to trace the history of traits in a family.

Reproduction and Offspring What is reproduction? Making more of the same kind. What are offspring? The product of reproduction.

What is heredity? Heredity The passing down of inherited traits from one generation to the next. Heredity applies to all organisms. In plants, flower color and height are inherited traits.

What is an Inherited Trait? Inherited Traits A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring . Some inherited traits are…

An inherited behavior, one that is not learned but done automatically. What is an Instinct? Instinct An inherited behavior, one that is not learned but done automatically. Some instincts are…

What is a Learned Behavior? A behavior developed during the course of a lifetime. Some learned behaviors are…

How are traits inherited? Why do some people look more like one parent than the other? Gene A portion of a chromosome (found in the nucleus of a cell) that contains chemical instructions for inherited traits. Look at pea plants on page 102.

Dominant and Recessive Traits Dominant Trait The form of an inherited trait that masks the other form of the same trait. Recessive Trait The form of a trait that is hidden, or masked, in the hybrid generation. Each form of the trait can be represented by a letter. A capital letter for the dominant trait and a lower case letter for the recessive trait. For example, in pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant and white flowers (p) are recessive.

How do we trace inherited traits? Pedigree A chart used to trace the history of traits in a family. Parents and offspring are shown in a pedigree. Look at pedigree examples on page 104. Carrier The individual who has inherited a factor for a trait but does not show the trait physically. Look at carriers on page 104.