Also called simple harmonic motion

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Presentation transcript:

Also called simple harmonic motion PERIODIC MOTION Also called simple harmonic motion

I. Periodic motion Motion that repeats a regular cycle. Cycle Pendulum Vibrating guitar string Mass on a spring bobbing up and down Cycle When an object is in motion and it returns to its starting position. Period (T) Amount of time needed for one complete cycle Amplitude Maximum distance the object goes from equilibrium

Examples Amplitude Equilibrium 1 cycle Amplitude 1 cycle Equilibrium

II. Hooke’s Law Hooke’s Law deals with a mass on a spring Fs = -kx Fs is the force on a spring k is the spring constant (how springy a spring is) x is the distance from equilibrium the spring is either compressed or stretched. Potential Energy on a spring PEsp = ½ k x2

Example A spring on a scale stretches 18 cm when a 5.7 kg bag of potatoes is hung from the scale. Find: k PEsp

III. Types of waves Transverse Wave Most kinds of waves are transverse waves. In a transverse wave, as the wave is moving in one direction, it is creating a disturbance in a perpendicular direction.

IV. Speed of a wave V= d/t Or you could use the wave equation: v = f v is the velocity of waves  is the wavelength f is the frequency of the wave. Frequency is the number of waves that pass a point in 1 sec. Measured in Hertz (Hz) f = cycles/time f = 1/t and t = 1/f (t = period)

Electromagnetic Spectrum Most wave are transverse waves. Most do NOT require a medium to travel Most are on the electromagnetic spectrum They all go the same speed in space (3.0 x 108 m/s)

V. Wave Behavior Reflection When a wave bounces off an object Refraction When a wave bends through an object because the speed changes Diffraction When waves bend around an object Interference When 2 or more waves add together to form a new one Constructive (In Phase) Destructive (180◦ out of phase)