CIVIL WAR 1861-1865 Terms

Election of 1860 – When Lincoln was elected Southern secession started because Southerners feared Lincoln would end slavery. Secession – to withdraw from the Union. S.C. was first to secede Fort Sumter, S.C. – opening confrontation to the Civil War Antietam – after Union victory the emancipation proclamation was issued. Bloodiest single day 23,000 dead.

Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves located in “rebelling” states. Southern seceded states made the abolition of slavery a Northern war aim discouraged any interference from foreign governments allowed for the enlistment of African American soldiers in the Union army

Battle of Gettysburg – PA, turning point of the Civil War because it was the last time the South invaded the North. Gettysburg Address described the Civil War as a struggle to preserve a nation dedicated to the proposition that “all men are created equal” and that was ruled by a government “of the people, by the people, and for the people” believed America was “one nation” not a collection of sovereign states. Southerners believed that states had freely joined the union and could freely leave.

Appomattox Va.– site of Lee’s surrender to Grant Abraham Lincoln – President of U.S. during the Civil War who insisted that the Union be held together by force if necessary. Lincoln believed the Civil War was fought to fulfill a promise of the Declaration of Independence and was a “Second American Revolution” Jefferson Davis – Senator from Mississippi who became President of the Confederate States of America

Ulysses S. Grant – Union military commander who won several victories after several Union commanders had failed Robert E Lee – Confederate General of the Army of Northern Virginia, Lee opposed secession, but did not believe the Union should be held together by force. After Appomattox, he urged Southerners to accept defeat and unite as Americans again Frederick Douglass – former slave who became a prominent abolitionist and urged Lincoln to recruit former slaves to fight in the Union army