Comparison of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients with Non-M3 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in First Complete.

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Comparison of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients with Non-M3 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in First Complete Remission  Saiko Kurosawa, Takuhiro Yamaguchi, Naoyuki Uchida, Shuichi Miyawaki, Kensuke Usuki, Masato Watanabe, Takuya Yamashita, Heiwa Kanamori, Junji Tomiyama, Yuichiro Nawa, Shingo Yano, Jin Takeuchi, Kazuaki Yakushiji, Fumiaki Sano, Nobuhiko Uoshima, Takahiro Yano, Yasuhito Nannya, Yukiyoshi Moriuchi, Ikuo Miura, Yoichi Takaue, Takahiro Fukuda  Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation  Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages 401-411 (March 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013 Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Patient flow. Among 953 patients for whom information was available, HLA typing was performed in 331 patients in CR1 (35%). Related donors were found in 134 patients (40%). Among the patients who had a related donor, 76 (57%) actually underwent allo-HCT in CR1. Among the 197 patients without a related donor, 76 (39%) received allo-HCT from an alternative donor in CR1. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2011 17, 401-411DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Outcomes according to treatment in CR1 (total elderly patients). Relapse (upper left), nonrelapse mortality (upper right), relapse-free survival (bottom left), and overall survival (OS) (bottom right) of patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in CR1 and those who did not are shown. Forty-six patients who died or relapsed within 60 days from CR1 were excluded as described in the Statistical Analysis. OS was significantly improved in the HCT group (P = .012). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2011 17, 401-411DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Outcomes according to treatment in CR1 (cytogenetic risks). Relapse (upper left), nonrelapse mortality (upper right), relapse-free survival (bottom left), and overall survival (OS) (bottom right) of patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in CR1 and those who did not are shown among (A) intermediate-risk AML and (B) unfavorable-risk AML. (A) OS was significantly improved in the HCT group among patients with intermediate-risk AML. (B) Relapse incidence was high even after HCT, and OS in the HCT group did not significantly differ from that in the CTx group. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2011 17, 401-411DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Outcomes according to treatment in CR1 (donor availability). Relapse (upper left), nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (upper right), relapse-free survival (bottom left), and overall survival (OS) (bottom right) of patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in CR1 and those who did not are shown among (A) patients who had a suitable related donor and (B) patients who did not have a suitable related donor. (A) NRM was reduced in related donor transplant and survival probabilities were significantly improved in the HCT group. (B) OS in alternative donor transplant did not significantly differ from that in the CTx group. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2011 17, 401-411DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Overall survival from CR1 are compared between the patients who received allogeneic transplantation in first complete remission and those who did not among the group of patients who had a suitable related donor. (A) Comparison of the two groups when 622 patients who did not have their HLA typed (those who were not known to have a suitable related donor) were included in the chemotherapy group (66% versus 54%, P = .011). (B) Comparison of the two groups when landmark was extended to 5 months from CR1 (66% versus 54%, P = .068). (C) Comparison of the two groups limited to intermediate-risk AML patients (78% versus 63%, P = .048). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2011 17, 401-411DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

(A) Overall survival (OS) rates from CR1 are compared between myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioning regimens. There were no significant differences between myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioning regimens (63% versus 61%, P = .571). (B) OS did not differ significantly according to the application of total-body irradiation among patients who received myeloablative regimen (TBI regimen versus non-TBI: 67% versus 61%, P = .932). (C) Among patients who received reduced-intensity conditioning regimen, OS from CR1 did not differ significantly among different regimens (fludarabine + busulfan-based, 56%; fludarabine + melphalan-based, 67%; others, 68%, P = .862). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2011 17, 401-411DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.07.013) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions