Self-Harm/Suicide Thoughts and Behavior By: Soulafa Shakhshir Massoud

Self-harm/suicide Denial Stigma Fears of being judged Religious believes

I. Causes of Self-harm/suicide Common causes of self-harm/Suicide include but not limited to PTSD, bullying, unemployment, llness, physical abuse. We will be focusing on the following: Depression Substance use Relationship problem

II. Mental Health Challenges Genetic factors Biological factors Psychological factors Environmental factors NOT Personal weakness Poor upbringing

III. Signs of Self-harm/suicide Important signs that a young adult may be suicidal are:  Threatening to hurt or kill themselves Seeking access to pills, weapons, or other mean to kill themselves Talking and writing about death, dying, or suicide in school work, artwork... Expressing hopelessness, no reason for living Engage in a risky activities Feeling trapped Increasing alcohol or drug use Withdrawing from friends and family or society Shift mood Anxious and agitated Giving away prized possessions Family member died by suicide or a recent suicides in the community.

IV. Ability of evaluating the seriousness of self-harm/Suicide  Ideation Intent Plan Mean In addition: Using drugs or alcohol Previous attempt

V. Safe talk to a young adult who is suicidal. Parent, friends, clergy can be part of suicide prevention by: Communicate concerns in a calm and reassuring matter Talk about what did you noticed You are willing to help Express empathy Thoughts of suicide are common, and do not have to be acted on Encourage young adult to do most of the talking Listen to the specific problems and discuss healthful ways to deal with it.

VI. How can we keep the young adult safe Should not be left alone Have them think about a supportive person (Friend, family member, teacher, Dr. Clergy). Do not use guilt or threats to prevent suicide If a weapon is involved, you must seek assistance from police to protect your self. Don’t keep secrets

VII. After the crisis Ensure the young adult follow up with Mental health professional.

Suicide HotLines If someone you know is in suicidal crisis, call suicide hotline (toll free, 24 hours/day, 7 days/week). 1-800- SUICIDE(784-2433) 1-800–273-TALK (8255) 1-800-4TTY (4889) for hearing impaired.

Questions?