Properties of Waves Properties of Waves

Reflection When light reflects off a mirror the angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection Reflection

Reflection Reflection

Reflection Reflection

Reflection Reflection

This change in direction is known as refraction. When light enters a denser transparent substance it slows down and changes direction. This change in direction is known as refraction. Refraction

Refraction Refraction

Refraction Refraction

Refraction Refraction

Convex and Concave lenses Refraction

Different colours of light are refracted by different amounts. Dispersion When white light enters a prism it is split into a spectrum. This is known as dispersion Different colours of light are refracted by different amounts. Red light refracts the least, violet light refracts the most Dispersion

Dispersion Dispersion

Dispersion Dispersion

Reflected Colours Reflected Colours

Colour Filters Refraction

Total internal reflection When a ray of light travels from glass into air some of the light is reflected from the boundary If the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle then all the light is reflected inside the glass. This is called Total Internal Reflection. Optical fibres use total internal reflection Total internal reflection

Total internal reflection

Total internal reflection

Total internal reflection

Endoscope Endoscope

The closer the gap to the wavelength, the greater the diffraction Diffraction occurs when waves spread out after passing through a small gap. The closer the gap to the wavelength, the greater the diffraction Diffraction causes; sound to be heard in the shadow of buildings radio signals to be heard in the shadow of hills Diffraction

Diffraction Diffraction

Diffraction Diffraction

Diffraction Diffraction

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