MARC: Beyond the Basics 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

MARC Review and Intro What does MARC mean? -- MAchine-Readable Cataloging MARC terms and their definitions (Next slide) Reviewing older, “tricky” fields Some newer fields and their uses MARC authority control How to find out more about MARC 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

MARC Terms and Their Definitions FIELDS (e.g. author, title, physical description, etc.) are marked by TAGS (a 3-digit number) Some fields are further defined by INDICATORS (numerals) SUBFIELDS are marked by SUBFIELD CODES (usually a letter) and DELIMITERS CONTENT DESIGNATORS is an inclusive term used to refer to tags, indicators, and subfield codes Here’s were I will go to the Follett cataloging screen and show fields, tags, indicators, etc. 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Some Less Common MARC Fields 001 -- Control number 003 -- Control number identifier 005 -- Date and time of latest transaction 006 -- Additional material characteristics 007 -- Physical description fixed field 008 -- Fixed length data elements 022 – ISSN 034 – Coded cartographic data 037 -- Source of acquisition 041 -- Language code 043 -- Geographic area code 050 -- Library of Congress call number 082 -- Dewey classification number 110 -- Main entry -- Corporate name 240 – Uniform title 246 – Varying form of title 255 – Cartographic math. Data 263 – Projected publication date 265 – Computer file characteristics 306 – Playing time 508 – Creation/production credit note 510 – Review sources 511 – Participant or performer note 521 – Target audience note 530 – Additional physical format note 538 – System details note 546 – Language note 586 – Awards note 630 – Uniform title 655 – Genre/form 658 – Curricular objective 69X – Local subject access fields 730 – Uniform title 852 – Location 856 – Electronic location and access 9XX – Reserved for local use 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 0XX Fields The 0XX fields are mostly coded fields which don’t appear in the OPAC. They may, however, be used in important ways by catalog software. Be careful with these fields. 000 -- Leader 008 -- Fixed length data elements 022 – ISSN 034 – Coded cartographic data 037 -- Source of acquisition 041 -- Language code 043 -- Geographic area code 050 -- Library of Congress call number 082 -- Dewey classification number 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Leader (000 Field) The leader is the first 24 characters of the record. Each position is assigned a meaning which mostly for computer use In some programs the leader may be edited if necessary The most important positions in the leader for editing are the 6th position “type of record,” e.g. language material, cartographic material, etc. and then 8th position “bibliographic level,” e.g. monograph, serial, etc. 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 008 Field Another important field is 008, the Fixed-Length Data Elements, or Fixed Field Codes Here is where you can encode such information as dates of publication, place of publication, whether a book is large-print, the language of the book, and so on. For items other than books, this field provides a place to encode information specific to the type of material being cataloged. E.g. for movies and videos, the length of the film and whether it is animated or live action. 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 2XX Fields The 2XX fields are title-associated fields which may or may not appear in the OPAC record 240 – Uniform title 246 – Varying form of title 255 – Cartographic mathematical data 263 – Projected publication date 265 – Computer file characteristics 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 3XX Fields The 3XX fields are descriptive fields which mostly appear in the OPAC record 306 – Playing time 310 – Current publication frequency 321 – Former publication frequency 362 – Dates of publication and/or sequential designation 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 5XX Fields The 5XX fields are note fields which appear in the OPAC and may be searched only using keywords 505 – Formatted contents note 508 – Creation/production credit note 510 – Review sources 511 – Participant or performer note 521 – Target audience note 526 – Study program information note 530 – Additional physical format note 538 – System details note 546 – Language note 586 – Awards note 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 6XX Fields The 6XX fields are subject heading fields which are searchable in the OPAC as subjects 630 – SH - Uniform title 655 – Index term - Genre/form 658 – Index term - Curricular objective 69X – Local subject access fields 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

The 7XX Fields The 7XX fields are added entry fields which are searchable in the OPAC as titles or authors 730 – Uniform title 740 – Series added entry 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Access Points Access points are the headings for which separate cards were created for the card catalog, and which a patron or librarian can search in an online catalog Most of the access points are in: 1XX fields (main entries) 4XX fields (series entries) 6XX fields (subject access) 7XX fields (other added entries) 8XX fields (series added entries) Show catalog record with hyperlinked access points 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Authority Control The use of established forms for the same access point is called authority control Is it the “Getty Museum” or the “J. Paul Getty Museum”? Is it “Twain, Mark” or Twain, Mark, 1835-1910” or “Clemens, Samuel, 1835-1910”? Determining which form of a particular heading to use is essential for effective and efficient searching of our catalogs Library of Congress Authorities gives the most comprehensive list of subject heading and for small libraries such as in schools, Sears List of Subject Headings is quite adequate but be careful about differences between the two systems. Show Sears List of Subject Headings and LCSH 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Local Authority Control Each library must make many decisions about what form its access points are going to take The library should also establish appropriate cross-references to established forms from non-used forms, i.e. See references A final purpose of the authority file is to lead the user from a particular form to various related forms, i.e. See also references Here is where I will go to the online cataloging program and demonstrate how to make an authority record 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Parallel Content The fields requiring authority control are also fields that use parallel tag construction The parallel content can be summarized as follows: X00 Personal names X10 Corporate names X11 Meeting names X30 Uniform titles X50 Topical terms X51 Geographic names X55 Genre/form headings 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Fields in Authority Records Heading used (1XX) Heading not used (4XX) Broader or related headings (5XX) 150 |aApples. 450 |aApple trees 550 |aCooking |xApples. 550 |aFruit. 550 |aFruit trees. 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

Example of a Geographic Authority Heading used Heading not used Broader or related headings 151 |aHawaii. 451 |aHawaiian Islands 551 |aUnited States. 551 |aIslands of the Pacific. 550 |aIslands. 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

A Special Case: The X55 Field The X55 field, Genre/Form Subject, is a special case This field is relatively new but more and more records are appearing with this field Sears seems to ignore the use of the field What is GSAFD? Guidelines on Subject Access to Individual Works of Fiction, Drama, Etc. gives a list of genre and form headings Also be aware of the subfield “v” for form subdivisions of subject headings 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

References Access to many online resources discussed in this presentation, as well as the presentation itself, are available online: http://rhslibrary.org/cataloging_aids.htm The chief source of information for this presentation is MARC Standards. Available online: http://www.loc.gov/marc/. 11/24/2018 (C) 2006, Tom Kaun