03/30/16 The moon has much lower average density than Earth or the other terrestrial planets & almost no core. It’s a lot like Earth’s mantle. http://www.8planets.co.uk/the-planets Stevenson, Making the Moon, Physics Today, Nov 2014 1

2 http://www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk/learning_modules/maths/06.TU.02/?section=11

The six Apollo landings which took place between 1969 and 1972 provided scientists with huge amounts of lunar data in the form of photography and orbital experiment results, sample collections and surface operations http://www.lpi.usra.edu/lunar/missions/apollo/. 3

Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) 4

http://www. spacesafetymagazine http://www.spacesafetymagazine.com/aerospace-engineering/nuclear-propulsion/infographic-atomic-batteries-deep-space-missions/ 5

The terrestrial record shows high attenuation, whereas the lunar seismogram shows intense scattering due to the fractured regolith and very weak attenuation due to the lack of intergranular water 6

7

03/30/16 Highlands – Anorthosite: intrusive igneous rock characterized by a predominance of plagioclase feldspar Apollo 16 landing site 4.19 Ga 8 http://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/attm/wl.an.1.html http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/April04/lunarAnorthosites.html 8

Largest nearside basin - formed ~ 0.5 Ga before basalt 03/30/16 Mare basalt – 3.3 Ga Apollo 15 landing site Mare Imbrium Largest nearside basin - formed ~ 0.5 Ga before basalt https://ase.tufts.edu/cosmos/print_images.asp?id=5 9 9

https://ase.tufts.edu/cosmos/print_images.asp?id=5 03/30/16 10 https://ase.tufts.edu/cosmos/print_images.asp?id=5 10

Press & Siever 11

Stevenson, Making the Moon, Physics Today, Nov 2014 12