The Mood of the 1950s Chapter 13
Lecture Focus Question In what ways was the mood of the 1950s different from the mood of the 1930s?
G.I. Bill of Rights GI Bill of Rights: helped returning WWII veterans readjust to society Helped vets buy homes Helped vets pay for college BIG focus on starting families
Baby Boom Baby Boom: post-WWII population explosion 1957 1 baby born per 7 sec. Dr. Benjamin Spock (baby expert)
Suburbs Major move to the suburbs William Levitt Levittowns “The American Dream” Cookie cutter homes $7,990 or $60/month with no down payment
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Typical TV Suburban Families The Ozzie & Harriet Show 1952-1966 The Donna Reed Show 1958-1966 Leave It to Beaver 1957-1963 Father Knows Best 1954-1958 The Ozzie & Harriet Show 1952-1966
Business Per capita income on the rise → more $ to spend! Standard of living on the rise Highest in our nation’s history Businesses expand Rise of the franchise (ie: McDonald’s)
Conformity Conformity: Blending into the larger group Lots of pressure to “fit in” and “go with the flow” Religion Return to religion Escape “godless” communism “It’s un-American to be un-religious!”
Women & Men Expected to marry right after high school Keep a clean house Cook meals Raise children Look and act like a lady at all times Conform! STAND BY YOUR MAN! Expected to go to school and find jobs Financially support his family Involved in the public sphere (politics, business) Conform! BRING HOME THE BACON!
Women Challenge Conformity Number of women in the work place increases slightly Traditionally female professions Teaching Nursing Clerical Work
Behavioral Rules of the 1950s: Youths Conform Behavioral Rules of the 1950s: Obey Authority Control Your Emotions Don’t Make Waves Fit in with the Group! Don’t Even Think About Sex!!!
1951 “race music” “ROCK ‘N ROLL” Elvis Presley “The King” Teen Culture In the 1950s the word “teenager” entered the American language. By 1956 13 mil. teens with $7 bil. to spend a year. 1951 “race music” “ROCK ‘N ROLL” Chuck Berry Elvis Presley “The King”
Teenage Rebels Tight blue jeans & white T-shirt Leather jacket Rebelled against authority Tight blue jeans & white T-shirt Leather jacket Cigarettes Marlon Brando in The Wild One (1953) James Dean in Rebel Without a Cause (1955)
The “Beat” Generation “Beatnik” “Clean” Teen Beatniks: emphasis on spontaneity, spirituality, open sexuality, drug use Jack Kerouac On The Road Allen Ginsberg poem, “Howl” “Beatnik” “Clean” Teen
Lecture Focus Question In what ways was the mood of the 1950s different from the mood of the 1930s?