Fluid Mechanics Principles & Applications Facultyweb.kennesaw.edu KSU e-mail “afm” Syllabus Notes - schedules Power Point

AFM Outcomes Credits Text: Applied Fluid Mechanics, 6th Edition, Robert Mott

AFM Impacts: chemical manufacture, automobile systems, electrical generation, petroleum refining, water treatment

AFM Extensive impact on everyday life Home hot water system Potable water Waste water Natural gas HVAC Refrigeration

AFM Automobiles: fuel system, cooling system, brakes, power steering Manufacturing: machine operations Farming: harvesting Construction: earth moving Mining Aircraft: control surfaces, landing gear

AFM Mathematical approach → empirical approach AFM: basics → working equation → application

Practice Text examples, class examples, homework, tests

AFM Learn A A basis for learning B Read text Examples Homework Questions One minute paper

AFM Learning Styles: Improves understanding and retention. Active – work problems, apply in lab, discuss in class, explain to someone. Visual – pictures, diagrams, demonstrations. Sequential – build knowledge in logical steps

AFM “You can take this course one of two ways, seriously or again.” Dr. Neathery – Oklahoma State Univ.

AFM Technicians: trained in set procedures; focus on how, what, when. Engineers: learned basics; know why. Broader knowledge base.

AFM No cookbook Orderly/logical approach Read carefully Describe system Sketch Assumptions Principles & working equations; tables & graphs Solve Reasonable

Approach “Most difficulties encountered are due not to lack of knowledge, rather due to lack of organization (of what you know).” Dr. Cengel, N.C. State Univ.

AFM Assumptions – reasonable

Solve Equation Include units Consistent unit system Significant digits Equation is a representation of an actual physical process, not an exercise in mathematics.

AFM Reasonable result Make sense? Sign Units Magnitude

AFM Presentations in real world: bosses & customers: logical, neat, & orderly In AFM, to Instructor. Use same standard

AFM Solid mechanics – objects stationary (statics) or moving (dynamics) Fluid mechanics – fluids at rest or in motion Gas – fills available volume; no resistance to stress Liquid – limited volume; responds to stress by continuous deformation.

AFM Gases – compressible Liquids – ordinarily incompressible. Hydrostatics Hydrodynamics: closed pipe, open channel, external flow

Unit Systems SI USCS

Properties Characteristics of system Mass Weight Density Specific weight Specific gravity

Properties Specific volume Ideal gas law Compressibility: bulk modulus Temperature Engineering Absolute

Viscosity Resistance to deformation Proportionality constant Absolute Kinematic

Viscosity Temperature dependence Liquid Gas Shear dependence - rheology

Pressure Intensity of a force System property Vs reference: gage, atmospheric, absolute Pascal’s Paradox Manometer Barometer U-tube

Examples Mercury manometer is connected to an air duct to measure its insice pressure. The manometer deflection is 15mm. Atmospheric pressure is 100kPa. Find the duct’s absolute pressure. Hg  = 13,600kg/m3.

Examples Refer figure. Find the manometer deflection.

Pascal’s Law An increase in pressure in an enclosed system will be transmitted throughout the entire system.

Hydraulic jack: Homework Exert 100N on jack handle; support what force?

Homework Oil with a specific gravity 0f 0.8 forms a layer 0.9m deep in an open tank that is otherwise filled with water having a depth of 2.10m. The water temperature is 10oC. Calculate h Calculate P at the bottom of the tank in gage pressure

Assignment Mott: Chapters 1, 2, & 3

QUESTIONS

References Images & examples Which of the problems were helpful? Why? Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals & Applications, 6th Edition, Cengel & Cimbala, McGraw Hill Applied Fluid Mechanics, 6th Edition, Mott, Prentice Hall Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 5th Edition Crowe, Elger, & Roberson, Wiley Which of the problems were helpful? Why?