TOKUGAWA JAPAN 1400-1800.

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Presentation transcript:

TOKUGAWA JAPAN 1400-1800

SETTING THE STAGE 1300s – SHOGUNS (military leaders) struggled to keep weak Japan unified 1467 – civil war chaos & war result in shogun losing control territorial lords gaining power over small domains of land – LACK OF UNITY  feudalism Powerless emperors being controlled by shoguns

SENGOKU PERIOD 1467-1568 – Sengoku : “Warring States” SAMURAIS seized control of estates & offer peasants protection for loyalty strongest samurais became DAIMYO (warrior-chieftains) who want more land & more control

DAIMYO VIPs ODA NOBUNAGA – seizes Kyoto (capital) in 1568 & Pushes out all rivals with force – 1575 uses firearms for 1st time in Japan TOYOTOMI HIDEYOSHI – gains control of country by 1590 & invades Korea in 1592

TOKUGAWA IEYASU A daimyo - unifies Japan in 1600 & gains loyalty of all daimyo Becomes shogun – sole ruler

TOKUGAWA’S ACHIEVEMENTS moves capital to Edo (became Tokyo) makes daimyo come to capital every other year to keep them obedient & close to his watchful eye legal policies reformed strong central government becomes more important than military actions (rule of law over rule of sword) founder of Tokugawa Shogunate (1600-1867)

WHAT DID THIS DO FOR JAPAN? Stability, prosperity, & isolation Food production increases  population increases Merchant class becomes wealthy & powerful, but peasants remain poor & overworked  eventually move to cities

CITY LIFE Mid-1700s Japan shifts from rural to urban society – Edo was world’s largest city Employment opportunities increase for women in cities (peasants still restricted) Traditional culture thrived KABUKI theater gains popularity: dramas w/elaborate costumes HAIKU– poetry that expresses images

EUROPEANS ARRIVE IN 1500’s Japanese eager to trade w/ Portuguese: clocks, eyeglasses, tobacco, & firearms (for muskets & cannons) Missionaries want to convert people BUT Tokugawa believed they looked down on Japanese culture/ religion (Shinto & Buddhism) Eventually missionaries are banned & Christians are persecuted Closed all ports except Nagasaki  “CLOSED COUNTRY POLICY”

Japan Matthew Perry Tokugawa End Click here for video