Volcanoes.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Finding an Earthquake’s Epicenter

Advertisements

Warm Up Why was the Mt. St. Helens Eruption so destructive?

VOLCANOES AND PLATE TECTONICS Ch. 3.1, 3.3, 3.4. A. Volcanoes 1. A weak spot in the crust 2. Magma-molten material from mantle comes to the surface.

Making Connections with New Stuff 1. 3 types of volcanoes 2. Volcanoes and the formation of Early Earth 3. Minerals, Rocks, and the Rock Cycle 4. Divergent.

1.Crater– bowl-shaped formation at the top of a volcano.

Chapter 7 Section 2 Volcanic Eruptions.

Volcanoes. 7.1 Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics Magma – hot liquid rock Volcanism – movement of magma toward suface Lava – magma on the surface Vent.

Volcano Notes. Anatomy of a volcano magma chamber pipe vent/crater lava tephra.

Updated 4/16/2009Created by C. Ippolito April 2009 Slide 1 Volcano How and Where Formed Magma and Erupted Materials Volcanic Landforms.

VOLCANOES. What is a Volcano? A volcano is a weak spot in the crust where Magma, comes to the surface. Volcanic activity is a constructive force that.

VOLCANOES 21.2 What is a volcano? Volcano: opening in the Earth’s crust where magma erupts onto the surface Magma: molten rock underground Lava: magma.

Ch 12 Volcanos.

Volcanoes. Volcanoes are weak areas of Earth’s crust through which magma and volcanic gases come to the surface. Magma that flows onto the Earth’s surface.

CONTINENTAL divergence Ocean- Continent Convergence Ocean Divergence Ocean-Ocean Convergence.

Volcanoes Chapter 6.

Volcanic Eruptions Ms. Pilcher. Vocabulary Mafic lava- dark in color and is rich in magnesium and iron. Felsic lava- lighter in color when cools, high.

Volcanic Eruptions. Mafic Lava  Dark colored  Rich in magnesium and iron  Formed from oceanic crust  Cools rapidly.

Chapter 18 Volcanism and Plate Tectonics. There are about 485 active volcanoes world wide. Volcano is a term applied to a structure built around a vent.

Volcanoes Section 2 VOLCANOES….. and some cool pictures.

Volcanoes Chapter How & Where Volcanoes Form Sec. 1 What is a volcano? –1. opening in Earth’s crust through which molten rock (magma), gases, &

Chapter 9 Volcano AND1) Refers to the opening in earth’s crust through which molten rock, gases and ash erupt AND 2) the landform that develops around.

volcanism:any activity that includes the movement of magma toward the surface of the Earth volcano: place where magma reaches the surface What are volcanoes?

Warm Up # 13 What is being shown in the picture on the left? What is being shown in the picture on the right? How do they relate to each other?

volcanism:any activity that includes the movement of magma toward the surface of the Earth volcano: place where magma reaches the surface.

NATURE OF VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS.

Volcanoes. Volcanic Activity Stages of a Volcano Active: Erupting or showing signs of an eruption in the near future Dormant: volcano not currently erupting.

Bell Ringer Wednesday 12/2/09 Explain P waves, S waves, and L waves? At what plate boundaries can volcanoes occur?

 Explain how the composition of magma affects volcanic eruptions and lava flow.  Describe the five major types of pyroclastic material.  Identify the.

Volcanoes Chapter 6.

Chapter 8: Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Volcanism Essential Questions: What is a volcano exactly?

Chapter 13 Volcanoes 101 Videoclip

Ch. 9 Study Guide Answers.

Chapter 10-Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

VOLCANOES-CH. 13.

The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions

OBJECTIVES: Types of Magma Anatomy of a Volcano Types of Volcanoes

Volcanic Eruptions.

Place these notes in your Notebook.

Nature of Volcanic Eruptions

Anatomy of a Volcano.

10.2 The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions

An opening in the earth’s crust through which magma erupts.

Do now How are volcanoes and earthquakes related?

Volcanic Eruptions.

Volcanoes Chapter 13.

Volcanoes Earth Science Chapter 10.

VOLCANO JEOPARDY Volcano Formation It’s Gonna Blow! Ashes to Ashes

Volcanism Essential Questions: What is a volcano exactly?

Chapter 13 Volcanoes 101 Videoclip

Continuation of earth’s process part 2

An opening in the earth’s crust through which magma erupts.

Volcanoes Chapter 10 - mountains created by rising magma Types

Presentation transcript:

Volcanoes

Magma: liquid, molten rock underground Lava: magma that reaches the surface

The composition of lava depends on dissolved gases and silica content

Dissolved Gases Example: water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur (S) *More gas = more explosive eruption

Silica Content More silica (SiO2) = thick magma Viscosity- ability to resist flow. High viscosity = thick flow Low viscosity = thin flow

Two classifications of lava: 1) Felsic: much silica, light-colored, slow moving (continental crust)

2) Mafic: low silica and gas, dark-colored, fast moving (oceanic crust)

3 types of mafic lava: 1) Aa Lava= choppy 2) Pahoehoe = ropy

3) Pillow Lava= underwater

Hardened Lava In Hawaii

Volcano: place where magma reaches the surface Volcanism: when a fissure or crack develops in the crust allowing magma to reach the surface

Pahoehoe

HOT SPOTS: areas of volcanic activity in the middle of lithospheric plates

Hawaiian Islands

Volcano Anatomy Vent: opening from which lava flows Crater: funnel-shaped pit or depression at top of volcano Caldera: depression where the walls have collapsed

Volcanic vents turn into plugs when the lava cools

Diamond Head Crater in Hawaii

Pyroclastic Material (tephra):solid particles produced in eruptions Ash (<2mm) Lapilli (<64mm) Bombs Blocks

ash

lapilli

bombs

blocks

Types of volcanoes…

composed of calm lava flows form gently sloping, dome- shaped mountain 1.Shield Volcano composed of calm lava flows form gently sloping, dome- shaped mountain basaltic (mafic) magma

Example: largest = Mauna Loa in Hawaii

Made mostly of tephra and other rock particles 2. Cinder Cone Volcano Made mostly of tephra and other rock particles Formed from explosive eruptions small, narrow base & steep sides Grantic (felsic) magma

Symmetrical build up of alternating layers of rock and lava 3. Composite Volcano (Stratovolcano) Symmetrical build up of alternating layers of rock and lava highly explosive eruptions with high silica and high gas content forms large, cone-shaped mountains

Composite example 1 Mt. St. Helens- before

Mt. St. Helens- after

Ex. 2 -Mount Vesuvius - Pompeii 20 feet of volcanic ash smothered The city!

Mount Vesuvius – Pompeii= composite 20 feet of volcanic ash smothered The city!