Fluids and Motion.

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Presentation transcript:

Fluids and Motion

Check this out! Hold up 2 pieces of paper so that the edges are facing you and are about 4 cm apart Blow as hard as you can between the 2 sheets of paper

Daniel Bernoulli Swiss mathematician in 18th century

Bernoulli’s Principle fluid pressure decreases as the speed of the fluid increases

Ping pong ball in water? What happened to the ball in the running water? Why did this happen?

Blow on a piece of paper What happens? Why?

Attack of the Shower Curtain!

Bernoulli’s Principle The faster the fluid is moving, the lower the pressure it creates. It will move toward the low pressure!!!

Factors that affect flight: Lift Thrust Drag

Factors that affect flight: Fast air = low pressure Slow air = high pressure

1. Air has to travel faster on top of the wing and creates lower pressure. Slower moving air below the wing has higher pressure. This creates an upward force.

Lift - upward force on an object that moves in a fluid

3. Thrust – the forward force produced by the engine

Wing size Jet engines produce a lot of thrust so the wing size can be smaller.

Wing Size Gliders produce no thrust so the wing size must be larger

Birds and Flight

Birds Small birds must flap his wings faster to stay in the air.

Birds Large birds can flap slower and still stay in the air

How a Curve Ball Works

Drag force that opposes or restricts motion in a fluid

Opposes thrust Resists the movement of objects Caused by air not flowing smoothly across the surface Goes with the direction of the airflow

Reduce Drag

Drag Often caused by turbulence which is an irregular flow of fluids

Turbulence

Turbulence

Tailgate Up or Down?

Drag Lift is often reduced when turbulence causes drag

Factors that affect flight: Lift Thrust Drag

Blaise Pascal 17th century French Scientist Transmitting Pressure Through Fluids

Pascal’s Principle change in pressure in an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid

Examples:

Hydraulic Devices use Pascal’s Principle

Hydraulics Hydraulic devices use liquids because they cannot be squeezed into smaller areas easily

Hydraulics Hydraulic devices help move heavy objects by multiplying forces

Example: Small push on break can stop a large car