P1 Topic 1 Big Teach Visible Light and the Solar System

The Solar System and Galileo Geocentric model- Earth centred Heliocentric model- Sun centred Explain how Galileo's observations contradicted the geocentric model

(the geocentric model) has the Earth at the centre of the Universe/solar system / everything orbits the Earth (1) but Galileo observed) moons of jupiter (so) not all things orbit the Earth/ geocentric model is wrong (1)

Telescopes... Why not just use naked eye? View different types of light not just visible Magnify image Telescopes... Why not just use naked eye? Clearer image Photography- Allows recording of images

Telescopes.... Reflecting and Refracting Telescopes What do they ask: What’s the difference: one refracts and one reflects light (using mirror) . Eye piece- Magnifies image. Objective lens- Collects and refracts light to form image.

Both telescopes involve lenses What do I need to learn about lenses? Focal Point- Where image is made. Focal Length- Is the distance between the lens and the image. This can be found by projecting image on screen and measuring distance.

Answers B A

Learn the how to label a wave Learn the how to label a wave! Waves transfer energy and information, they do not transfer matter. Frequency- Measured in Hertz (Hz), it means the number of waves produced every second.

Oscillations in both types of waves... Example Description of oscillations Longitudinal Sound Parallel to the direction of the wave Transverse Light At right angles to the direction of the wave.

Remember the slinky!

Waves reflect and refract

Learn the Rule of Reflection Learn the Rule of Reflection! Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection

Next Property of waves Refraction!

Wave slows down but is not bent, due to entering along the normal Refraction through a glass block: Wave slows down and bends towards the normal due to entering a more dense medium Wave slows down but is not bent, due to entering along the normal Wave speeds up and bends away from the normal due to entering a less dense medium 15/11/2018

Key Points Refraction is when waves change speed and often direction. For light waves they slow down when entering a more dense material and speed up when entering a less dense material. Speeding up- bend towards normal. Slowing down- bend away from the normal.

The Maths!

Changing Units... Km into m: Minutes into s MHz into Hz cm into m mm into m Units to learn: Distance in meters Wavelength in meters Speed in m/s Frequency in Hertz

Using Standard form... Learn how to put these numbers into a calculator. 8 x 109 3.2 x 104 4 x 10-2

We are interested in these two Answer the wave questions, show your working out!!

52= 6.5m/s 8

13 x 0.5= 6.5m/s

25 = 0.21Hz 120

There are 7 waves altogether and there is 0. 8m between each eave There are 7 waves altogether and there is 0.8m between each eave. So the distance between the gloats is 5.6m

Want more questions? Past papers on singhsciene and an exam booklet which is split up into the 6 different topics in P1.