Warm Up: Study Guide questions 12-16 12. In succession, what are the species that grow on bare rock? 13. If lightning destroys a community, what is most likely to grow back first? 14. How do organisms grow back after a forest fire? 15. What causes succession to occur? 16. What are the differences between primary and secondary succession ?

Ecology: FEEDING RELATIONSHIPS: How do organisms obtain their energy? Organisms can obtain energy in 2 ways. They can be: Autotrophs or Heterotrophs (Producers) (Consumers)    

5 TYPES OF HETEROTROPHS 1. Herbivores: consumers that eat only producers. These are also known as primary consumers Ex. Deer, insects, rabbits   2. Carnivores: consumers that kill and eat only other consumers. These are also known as secondary consumers or tertiary consumers Ex. Lions, tigers

5 types of heterotrophs 3. Omnivores: consumers that eat both plants and animals.They can also be secondary or tertiary consumers.

5 types of heterotrophs 4. Scavengers: consumers that DO NOT hunt for food, instead, they eat animals that have already died. Example: vulchers(buzzards)

5 types of heterotrophs 5. Decomposers: consumers that break down dead organisms and return the nutrients to the soil so they can be used again (recycling of nutrients). Ex. Bacteria Ex. mushrooms Ex. Worms

CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANISMS FOR SURVIVAL * Symbiosis: the close and permanent relationship between organisms of different species Types of symbiotic relationships 1. Commensalism: A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited Ex. Birds building a nest in a tree and

Types of symbiotic relationships 2. Mutualism: A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit Ex. Clown fish and the sea anemone -the fish chase away sea anemones predators, while the fish gets protected from its predators. and Types of symbiotic relationships

Types of symbiotic relationships 3. Parasitism: A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits but the other one is harmed. Example: Fleas on dogs   and

Types of symbiotic relationships * Another type of relationship is Predation, which is a predator( hunter) and prey ( killed) relationship. The predator hunts and kills the prey. Ex: lions and zebras

Types of symbiotic relationships Another type of relationship is Competion, which is the struggle between organisms to survive Competition-within a population Ex: Competiton –between populations Ex: lions and tigers competing for food sources