The WHITE Cross Lesson 2

GOAL: The WHITE Cross The goal of this stage is to get the WHITE cross on the UP face with all the colored sides of the WHITE edges matching the center pieces.

Up Face Down Face Left Face Right Face Front Face Back Face Reviewing FACES The flat (two-dimensional) square, on each surface of the cube. How many faces does a cube have?

Reviewing CENTER Pieces BLUE Face WHITE Face ORANGE Face Pieces with one color. Center pieces DO NOT MOVE. How many center pieces are there? Why are center pieces important?

Reviewing EDGE Pieces Pieces with two colors. YELLOW/RED Edge Red/WHITE Edge Pieces with two colors. How many edge pieces are there on a Rubik’s Cube? Edge pieces are between the….

Reviewing CORNER Pieces GREEN/ORANGE/YELLOW Corner Pieces with 3 colors. How many corner pieces are there? Why do they have 3 colors?

R Ri L Li D Di U Ui B Bi F Fi Reviewing ¼ Turns Inverse means opposite. By using the inverse of a move, the move can be undone.

SCRAMBLED CUBE 25 Random ¼ Turns This is just one example of a scramble.

Layers and Faces When solving the cube, sometimes it’s easier to talk about the layers. Layers are three- dimensional (length, width and height), like layer cake. The WHITE/BLUE edge pieces are in the TOP layer. MIDDLE layer TOP layer BOTTOM layer

Layers and Faces When solving the cube, sometimes it’s easier to talk about the layers. LEFT Face RIGHT Face FRONT Face Faces are the flat sides of the Cube. Faces are two- dimensional (length and width). Think of frosting that goes on all the sides of the cake. UP Face The UP faces are covered with yellow.

The WHITE Cross There are two parts to completing the WHITE Cross. Part 1 puts all the tiles for the WHITE cross on the TOP layer. The EDGE colors might not match the CENTER tiles. Part 2 puts all the tiles for the WHITE cross on the UP Face. The CENTER tile colors on the TOP and MIDDLE layers will match.

PART 1 Find the WHITE/BLUE edge. Hold the WHITE face UP with the BLUE face RIGHT. If the the WHITE/BLUE edge is on the BOTTOM layer, you are all set for now. First Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. If NOT, do this: - Twist the layer of the cube that has the WHITE/BLUE edge until the WHITE/BLUE edge piece is on the BOTTOM layer. Now, everyone is ready for the next step.

piece is on the TOP layer. Remember, hold the WHITE face UP with the BLUE face RIGHT. Put the WHITE/BLUE edge directly below the BLUE center piece by turning the DOWN layer. First Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. Now make two R turns so the WHITE/BLUE edge piece is on the TOP layer. It does not matter if the WHITE tile of the edge is on the UP face or the RIGHT face.

PART 2 Hold the WHITE face UP with the RED face FRONT and the BLUE face RIGHT. If your cube looks like this, you’re ready for the next face! You can skip PART 2. WHITE Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. BLUE WHITE BLUE

PART 2 Hold the WHITE face UP with the RED face FRONT and the BLUE face RIGHT. If the EDGE piece doesn’t match the CENTER’s color, complete the following sequence to “flip” the EDGE piece: WHITE Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. BLUE

1 face done – 3 to go! Hold the WHITE face UP with the RED face FRONT and the BLUE face RIGHT. YEAH! Everyone’s Rubik’s Cube should look like this! WHITE Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. BLUE WHITE BLUE

PART 1: We are going to repeat the steps we just did on the BLUE face on the ORANGE face. Turn the entire cube ¼ turn clockwise. The WHITE face is UP. The ORANGE face on the RIGHT. The BLUE face is FRONT. Goal: To get the WHITE/ORANGE edge on the TOP layer and in line with the ORANGE center piece. If the the WHITE/ORANGE edge is on the BOTTOM layer, you are all set for now. If NOT, do this: Twist the layer of the cube that has the WHITE/ORANGE edge until the WHITE/ORANGE edge piece is on the BOTTOM layer.

Now make two R turns so the WHITE/ORANGE edge Remember, hold the WHITE face UP with the ORANGE face on the RIGHT. Put the WHITE/ORANGE edge directly below the ORANGE center piece by turning the DOWN layer. Goal: To get the WHITE/ORANGE edge on the TOP layer and in line with the ORANGE center piece. Now make two R turns so the WHITE/ORANGE edge piece is on the TOP layer. It does not matter if the WHITE part of the edge is on the UP face or the RIGHT face.

PART 2 Hold the WHITE face UP with the BLUE face FRONT and the ORANGE face RIGHT. If your Rubik’s Cube looks like this, you’re ready for the next side! WHITE color Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. WHITE Same color

PART 2 Make sure the edge piece you are trying to flip is on the RIGHT face. WHITE color Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. If any edge piece needs to be “flipped” (the WHITE face needs to swap with the COLOR face), you need to complete the following sequence:

2 faces to go! PART 1: We are going to repeat the steps we just did on the GREEN face and RED face. Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. • WHITE face UP, what color is on the RIGHT? • Put the WHITE /COLOR piece on the BOTTOM layer. • Make DOWN turns until the WHITE/COLOR piece is directly below the COLOR CENTER tile.

Make two R turns so the WHITE/COLOR edge piece is on the TOP layer. Remember, hold the WHITE face UP with the color face RIGHT. Make two R turns so the WHITE/COLOR edge piece is on the TOP layer. Goal: To match the EDGE pieces’ color with the CENTER’s color on the TOP & MIDDLE layers. • If any EDGE piece needs to be “flipped” (the WHITE face needs to swap with the COLOR face), complete the following sequence:

Does your Rubik’s Cube look like this? Examine your Rubik’s Cube. GOAL: The WHITE Cross The goal of this stage is to get the WHITE cross on the UP face with all the WHITE edges matching the center pieces. Does your Rubik’s Cube look like this?

You have solved The WHITE Cross Congratulations! Congratulations! Congratulations! Congratulations! Congratulations! Congratulations! You have solved The WHITE Cross

REVIEW Make sure the WHITE face is UP. Find a WHITE EDGE. Twist the layer of the cube that has the WHITE EDGE until the WHITE EDGE is on the BOTTOM layer. To get the WHITE edges matched with the correct faces:

REVIEW • Twist the DOWN face until the WHITE /COLOR EDGE is directly below the COLOR CENTER. To get the WHITE edges matched with the correct faces: Make two R turns, so the WHITE EDGE is on the TOP layer.

REVIEW If the EDGE piece needs to be flipped, use this sequence: To get the WHITE edges matched with the correct faces: If the EDGE piece needs to be flipped, use this sequence: Make sure the EDGE piece you are trying to flip is on the RIGHT face.

Lesson Extension How does this lesson apply to math? The sequence Ri, U, Fi, Ui, is an algorithm. An algorithm is a set of rules or set of steps that we use to solve math problems. 2 x 1 + 5 4 0 4 5 1 9 0 4 5 0 For example, when we multiply 45 x 12 First multiply 45 by 2. Then multiply 45 by 10. Last, add the two products together.

Vocabulary Cube: 3 dimensional object with 6 square faces Face: 2 dimensional surface or side of a cube Center: The piece in the middle of a face. Face colors are the color of the center. Corner: The piece where 3 faces meet

Vocabulary Edge: The piece where 2 small tiles on different faces meet Turn (move): a ¼ clockwise turn of a face of the Cube. A turn is 900. Layer: 3 dimensional slice of a Rubik’s Cube Inverse: an opposite action. The inverse of a move “undoes” the move.

Question: If someone gave you a dollar for each of the possible combinations on a Rubik’s® Cube, how much money would you have? Answer: There are 43 quintillion combinations so you would have $43 quintillion. (43,252,003,274,489,856,000)