Flotilla 86 Boat Crew Standard Training Class Session 1

Task BCM AUX General The crews physiological well-being plays an important role in the safe and successful accomplishment of each Coast Guard mission You will be assisting people during the worst conditions At times, you may feel like you have reached the limit of your physical and mental endurance.

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue Mental and physical fatigue are among the greatest dangers during rough weather operations. Fatigue dramatically reduces the powers of observation, concentration and judgment

Task BCM AUX Situations That Cause Fatigue Hot or cold weather conditions Eye strain The effort of holding on Stress

Task BCM AUX Situations That Cause Fatigue Exposure to noise Exposure to the sun Poor physical conditioning Lack of sleep Boredom

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Coxn/Crew Responsibility The coxswains primary responsibility is the safety of the crew They must look for signs of fatigue Crew members much watch each other for signs of fatigue

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Symptoms Inability to focus or concentrate Narrowed attention span Mental confusion Judgment error

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Symptoms Decreased coordination of motor skills and sensory ability (hearing, seeing) Increased irritability Decreased performance Decreased concern for safety

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Consequences Mistakes in judgment Shortcuts that threaten the safety of the mission and crew

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Prevention Adequate crew rest Dress appropriately for the weather Rotate crew duties Provide food and refreshments suitable for conditions Watch others for signs of fatigue

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Environmental Hot and cold All crew members must dress or be prepared for unexpected weather Motion sickness Glare from the sun

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue-Environmental Wind and rough sea conditions Rain or snow Vibration – boat engine

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Cause An imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear which sense motion.

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Symptoms Nausea and vomiting Increased salivation Unusual paleness Sweating

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Symptoms Drowsiness Overall weakness Stomach discomfort

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Prevention Stay out of confined spaces Stay above deck in the fresh air Avoid concentrating on the movement of the boat by looking out over the water toward the horizon or shoreline Avoid smoking

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Anti-Motion Medication Scopolamine Patches Prescription only Over the counter remedies Some cause drowsiness Get Doctors advice

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Anti-Motion Medication Crew members susceptible to motion discomfort should take anti-motion medication throughout their watch since they never know when they will be dispatched on a mission

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Anti-Motion Medication Medication taken just before getting underway may not have its maximum effect during the mission

Task BCM AUX Motion Sickness Anti-Motion Medication cannot be taken: Without medical supervision Within 12 hours of alcohol consumption To pregnant crew members

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Carbon Monoxide Colorless and odorless gas Most common gas danger Lethal

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Conditions Associated with Carbon Monoxide gas Fuel burning devices Enclosed Areas Being underway Fires

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Fuel Burning Devices Any fuel burning device can cause carbon monoxide gas Gasoline and diesel engines Pumps, propane/alcohol stoves, torches, kerosene heaters

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Enclosed Spaces Closed cockpits or unventilated spaces below decks can accumulate CO2 gas Engine rooms Defective exhaust systems can allow fumes into confined spaces

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Underway Winds can cause fumes to blow back into cockpit or cabin

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Fires Cause lethal fumes Cyanide gas from burning plastics, insulation, electronics

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Symptoms Throbbing temples Dizziness Ears ringing Watering and itching eyes Headache Cherry Pink skin color

Task BCM AUX Lethal Fumes Prevention Ensure adequate circulation of fresh air throughout the vessel Change course, speed, open porthole, etc. Treatment Get medical help asap

Task BCM AUX Crew Fatigue – Other Factors Noise Drugs and Alcohol Prescription Alcohol Hangovers Caffeine

Task BCM AUX Hypothermia Is a loss of internal body temperature The body is losing heat faster than it can make it It can be caused by exposure to cold air or cold water

Task BCM AUX Hypothermia Signs Pale appearance Skin cold to the touch Pupils dilated and will not adjust Poor coordination

Task BCM AUX Hypothermia Signs Slurred speech/appears intoxicated Incoherent thinking Unconsciousness Muscle rigidity

Task BCM AUX Hypothermia Signs Weak pulse Very slow and labored breathing Irregular heart beat Shivering – except in advanced cases

Task BCM AUX Hypothermia Prevention Protective clothing to be worn when water temperature is below 60 degrees F Anti-Exposure coveralls Proper clothing worn on deck HELP or HUDDLE positions if in water

Task BCM AUX Hypothermia Treatment Covered in First Aid section

Task BCM AUX Frostbite Prevention Thermal boots, woolen socks, woolen watch caps, gloves, thermal underwear

Task BCM AUX Layering Clothing First Layer – Wicking Second Layer – Insulation Third Layer – Moisture Barrier

Task BCM AUX Sun and Heat Related Factors Sunburns Continuous exposure to the sun can cause sunburn and other complications such as heat stroke, dehydration, etc. Unprotected exposure to the sun can cause premature aging and an increased chance of skin cancer

Task BCM AUX Sunburns-Symptoms Redness, swelling, or blistering of the skin Fever Gastrointestinal symptoms Malaise Pigment changes in the skin

Task BCM AUX Sunburn-Prevention Stay in the shade where possible Indirect rays can still effect you Use sun screen when possible Even on hazy days SPF 15 or higher

Task BCM AUX Sunburn-Prevention Wear protective clothing and a hat with a brim Wear sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection Even when it is hazy

Task BCM AUX Sunburn-Treatment Apply cool, wet towels to the area effected Keep the area wet Be careful what type of products you apply

Task BCM AUX Dehydration A loss of fluids and electrolytes through kidneys, perspiration and respiration 2-3 liters of fluid a day is required to replace these losses Stay away from tea, alcohol, coffee and soft drinks They speed up the loss

Task BCM AUX Dehydration Symptoms Thirst General discomfort Slow physical movement Loss of appetite Sleepiness and a rise in body temperature

Task BCM AUX Dehydration Symptoms Dry Mouth Dizziness Headache Difficulty breathing

Task BCM AUX Dehydration Prevention Drink water Treatment Remove from heat/sun Get medical help

Task BCM AUX Heat Rash Definition Breakdown of the bodys ability to perspire Decreased evaporative cooling of the skin

Task BCM AUX Heat Rash Symptoms Pink or red minute lesions Skin irritation – prickling Frequent, severe itching

Task BCM AUX Heat Rash Prevention Rotate crew duties between heat related and cool Treatment Remove from heat immediately Apply cool wet towels

Task BCM AUX Heat Cramps Painful contractions caused by excessive salt and water depletion Symptoms Legs drawn up Excessive sweating Crying out in pain Prevention – Rotate crew

Task BCM AUX Heat Exhaustion Symptoms Collapse Sweats profusely Pale skin, pounding heart, nausea, headache, restless Treatment – First aid and medivac Prevention – Rotate Crew

Task BCM AUX Heat Stroke A major medical emergency A complete breakdown of the bodys sweating and heat regulation Symptoms Skin is red, hot and dry to the touch Sweating has stopped

Task BCM AUX Heat Stroke Symptoms Headache, weak and rapid pulse, confusion, violence, lack of coordination, delirium, unconsciousness Immediate threat to life and brain damage will occur if immediate medical treatment is not given

Task BCM AUX Heat Stroke Prevention – Rotate Crew Treatment Medical Emergency High mortality rate Remove from heat and Medivac

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike General Knots secure lines to themselves Bends secure lines to another line Hitches secure lines to objects

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Definitions Bitter End – the running end or the free end of the line It is the end being worked with Standing Part – the long unused or belayed end – the remaining part of the line including the part not worked

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Overhand Loop – a loop made in a line by crossing the bitter end over the standing part Underhand Loop – a loop made in the line by crossing the bitter end under the standing part

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Bight – a half loop formed by turning the line back on itself Turn – a single wind or bight of a rope laid around a post, bollard, etc. Round Turn – A complete turn or encircling of a line about an object

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Bowline King of Knots Wont jam Temporary eye Can tie 2 lines together

Bowline

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Half Hitches Used for securing a line of objects such as a ring, eye, pole, or spar

Two Half Hitches

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Clove Hitch The best all round knot for securing a line to a ring or spar

Clove Hitch

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Single Becket Bend To connect 1 line to another To connect a line to an eye splice Double Becket Bend To connect lines of unequal size

Sheet Bend/Beckett Bend

Sheet Bend/Double/Slippery

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Reef Knot They jam badly Only use on canvas covering, awnings, etc.

Reef/Square Knot

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Anchor/Fishermans Bend To secure a line to a ring in an anchor or mooring buoy Also to tie to a spar

Fishermans/Anchor Bend

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Practice Bowline 2 Half Hitches Clove Hitch Becket Bend (Sheet Bend)/Double Reef Knot Anchor Bend

Task BCM AUX Securing to Cleats, Bits, and Posts

Securing to a Cleat

Task BCM AUX Securing to Cleats, Bits, and Posts

Task BCM AUX Securing to Cleats, Bits, and Posts

Task BCM AUX Securing to Cleats, Bits, and Posts

Bitts

Task BCM AUX Securing to Cleats, Bits, and Posts

Sampson Post

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist It is similar in concept to an aircraft pre- flight checklist It must be completed before casting off for a mission The checklist is different by boat The Crew helps do the checklist

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist - Example

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist-Example

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist-Example

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist-Example

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist-Example

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist-Example

Task BCM AUX Pre-Underway Checklist-Example

Task BCM AUX Communication VHF-FM radio is carried by all Coast Guard and Auxiliary Facilities It is used for local, short range marine communications since it is line of sight VHF-FM radios automatically monitor channel 16 - It is the International Calling and distress frequency Everyone with a VHF radio is required to monitor Channel 16

Task BCM AUX Emergency Communication MAYDAY – is a distress call of the highest priority PAN-PAN – urgent message concerning the safety of a ship, aircraft, vehicle or person SECURITE – is a safety message

Task BCM AUX Communication The working channel for Group Port Angeles is 81A It varies by Coast Guard Group Bridge to Bridge traffic is Channel 13A VTS is channel 5A in this area It varies by area

Task BCM AUX Communication The normal Coast Guard to Civilian working channel is 22A

Task BCM AUX Communication Prowords Turn to page 11-4 in your Seamanship book Phonetic Alphabet Turn to page 11-5 in your Seamanship book Every transmission is ended with either over or out – not both!

Task BCM AUX Communication Speak slowly so people will understand you Unofficial conversation should not be transmitted Do not key the microphone until you are ready to speak

Task BCM AUX OPS Normal Report Give: Current position Operational status Any significant changes in weather, wind and sea state First report of the day only, give POB

Task BCM AUX OPS Normal Report After the first transmission, only use the last 3 numbers of the facility number Ops reports are due every 30 minutes to Group Port Angeles The requirement varies by group

Task BCM AUX OPS Normal Report OPS Normal Report – Example Group Port Angeles, Auxiliary Facility , Over. 682, Group, Over. Group, my position is 1 mile north of the New Dungeness Light, Operations Normal. Wind has increased to 25 knots, over. 682, Group, Roger. Out 682 Out

Questions Do you have any questions about anything presented tonight?

Extra Knots Rolling Hitch Figure 8/Sheet Stopper Timber Hitch

Rolling Hitch

Figure 8/Sheet Stopper

Task BCM AUX Marlinspike Timber Hitch Are used to secure a line to logs, spars, planks or other rough surfaced material Do not use it on pipes or other metal objects

Timber Hitch