Turning Points of the Civil War 1861-1865

Vicksburg Mississippi Was the last stronghold for the Confederates on the Miss. River In 1862 Farragut secured the Miss River Grant had seized as far south as Memphis

Vicksburg GRIERSON’S RAId Grant Intended to march on the city from the southern part of Mississipi In order to maneuver troops into position he needed a diversion He sent Grierson to take 1700 troops on a cavalry raid through Mississippi

Vicksburg Grierson went on a two week raid of Mississippi --- This gave Grant time to set up his troops and enter Miss from the south From this point Grant ordered a march directly east --- commanding his troops to live by foraging

Vicksburg Grant marched 180 miles in 17 days fighting 5 battles and killing 7,200 confederates May 1863 – Grant launched to assaults on the city- both repelled Grant decided the only way to take the city was by seige

Vicksburg July 4th 1763 the Confederates surrender

The War in the West, 1863: Vicksburg

Road to Gettysburg Shortly after Antietam, Lincoln became Frustrated with McClellan bc – he could have destroyed Lee’s retreating army but he let them go untouched Nov. 7 1862 – McClellan replaced with Gen. Ambrose Burnside

Fredricksburg Dec. 8, 1862 –Burnside ordered a series of attacks on Lee – located at Fredericksburg Va. Union suffered 12,000 casualties, twice as many as the CSA Lincoln replaces Burnside with Gen. Joseph Hooker

Chancellorsville Hooker devised a plan to attack Lee’s troops at Fredericksburg He would divide his troops Some would stay at Fredericksburg Others would leave go west and attack Lee’s troops from the west May 2, 1863 Lee’s troops attacked Hookers forces at Chancellorsville CSA outnumbered 2-1, won and Hooker surrendered on May 5, 1863

Battle of Gettysburg Having weakened the Union Forces – Lee wanted to invade the Union Lincoln replaced Hooker with Meade Lee moved North – some of his troops forged into Gettysburg When they arrived the CSA ran into Union troops under the command of John Buford 1st day – Union troops were pushed out of the town into hills directly south

Gettysburg 2nd day – Lee attacked but the Union Held their Ground Cemetary Hill Cemetary Ridge Little Round Top 3rd Day – Lee ordered a massive attack of 15,000 troops under General Pickett and A.P. Hill – (mile wide line of troops) 7,000 casualties in less than a half hour

Gettysburg Less than 5,000 troops made it up Gettysburg Lee quickly rallied his troops and ordered a retreat Sever blow to both sided Union 23,000 casualties CSA 28,000 casualties

Gettysburg Casualties

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg Address In Nov, 1863 – Lincoln came to Gettysburg to dedicate a portion of the battlefield as a military cemetery He was not the key note speaker – spoke for 2hrs Lincoln spoke for 5 minutes

The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

Recruiting Blacks in NYC

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

A “Pogrom” Against Blacks

Inflation in the South

The Progress of War: 1861-1865

Grant Grant’s successes in the West make him General in Chief of the entire Union Army Chickamauga Chatanooga Wilderness to Cold Harbor Seige of Petersburg Farragut and Mobile The Fall of Atlanta - Sherman

Grant Sherman – Nov 15 1864 – marches to the sea (Total War) Destruction 60 miles wide Turned North and headed to South Carolina Did not spare SC Thirteenth Amendment

Sherman’s “March to the Sea” through Georgia, 1864

1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

The Peace Movement: Copperheads Clement Vallandigham

1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

Presidential Election Results: 1864

The Final Virginia Campaign: 1864-1865

Surrender April 1st 1865 – Union troops cut the last rail lines into Petersburg Lees troops left their positions and fled west Attempt failed – Sheridan’s Calvary blocked Lee off at Appomattox

Terms of Surrender US would not persecute southern troops for treason Let them take horses to work farms Lincoln’s Assassination

Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865

Casualties on Both Sides

Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

The Assassination

WANTED~~!!

Now He Belongs to the Ages!

The Execution