Social context influence emotional language comprehension

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Social context influence emotional language comprehension through facial muscle activity Ericka Schaeffer & David Havas, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin–Whitewater, Department of Psychology h BACKGROUND Facial Muscle Activity Reflects Social Context Facial mimicry occurs automatically and unconsciously (1) Happy & angry faces were presented without conscious recognition of expression using backward masking (1) Emotional Language Comprehension One’s own facial expressions can affect comprehension of emotional language (2) Feedback from the facial muscles may be the cause (3) CURRENT STUDY Pilot study found that unconscious exposure to happy & angry facial expressions affects emotional sentence comprehension times Current study included EMG to detect facial muscle activity Does unconscious facial mimicry affect emotional language comprehension? HYPOTHESES Greater smile muscle activity following happy (vs. angry) faces, and greater (or equal) frown muscle activity following angry (vs. happy) faces Faster RTs for pleasant sentences following happy (vs. angry) faces, and faster RTs for unpleasant sentences following angry (vs. happy) faces METHOD Subjects 57 UWW undergraduate students Backward Masking Procedure ”Target” happy or angry facial expression for 30 ms ”Masking" neutral facial expression for 1000 ms Pleasant or unpleasant sentence Stimuli 4 Angry, 4 happy, and 12 neutral faces 24 pleasant and 24 unpleasant sentences from (1) Procedure 4 blocks of 12 trials with same target + neutral masks Each block = ½ pleasant & ½ unpleasant sentences random order EMG will be monitoring smile and frown muscles Participants’ Task Judge the sentence sensibility as quickly and accurately as possible IMPLICATIONS Pattern in EMG consistent with Hypothesis 1 and potential replication of (1) Provides crucial mechanism for Hypothesis 2 Implications for understanding language-emotion interaction and influence of social interactions in cognition NEXT STEPS Evaluate statistical reliability in EMG data Evaluate a covariate variable (heart-rate variability/vagal tone) recorded for some subjects Analyze 2nd independent variable (sentence reading times: Hypothesis 2) REFERENCES Dimberg, Thunberg, & Elmehed (2000). Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychol. Sci., 11, 86– 89. Havas, Glenberg, & Rinck (2007). Emotion simulation in language comprehension. Psychon. Bull. & Rev., 14, 436-441. Havas & Matheson (2013). The functional role of the periphery in emotional language comprehension. Frontiers in Psych., 4, 1-16. PRELIMINARY EMG RESULTS Facial muscle activity following Angry targets Facial muscle activity following Happy targets