Data preparation by Emily Eisenhower Poverty in Cuban Miami Alex Stepick, Ph.D. Guillermo Grenier, Ph.D. Data preparation by Emily Eisenhower All data is from the 2000 U.S. Census. Citation: Steven Ruggles, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, Catherine A. Fitch, Ronald Goeken, Patricia Kelly Hall, Miriam King, and Chad Ronnander.  Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 3.0 [Machine-readable database]. Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor], 2004. http://www.ipums.org

Cubans’ Year of Immigration Remember these are the numbers of people who answered the 2000 census, not the number that actually arrived in each wave. In 2000 there were over 700,000 Cubans in Miami-Dade and over 1.5 million more around the U.S. Percentages are percent of total within area. --over 55% of the Cuban population in the United States lives in Miami. --Despite initial attempts by the U.S. Government in the 1970s to disperse Cubans throughout the country, most have settled in South Florida. --As we can see from this chart, the second generation is more likely to live outside of Miami. --Over half of Cuban-Americans living in the Miami area have arrived since 1980.

Age of Cubans in U.S. Miami-Dade Nationally --Cubans are older than the typical American or Latino. Only 19% of Cubans in the U.S. are under 18 years of age, the lowest of any Latino group. The Mexican-Americans have the highest percentage of the population under 18 (37%). Cubans also have the highest percentage of the population over 65% …23%...Mexicans have the lowest (4%). --The Cuban population in Miami tends to be slightly older. The average age is 38 years nationally, and 42 in Miami-Dade. Miami-Dade Nationally

Age by Wave, Miami-Dade In Miami-Dade, 6138 Cubans who arrived between 1994 and 2000 were over age 65 in the year 2000.

Cuban Percent white and black, by wave Nationally, 5% of Cubans born in the U.S. listed black as their race, compared with 1.3% in Miami.

Comparative Cuban Poverty: Miami and the U.S. Cubans All others The average Cuban in Miami-Dade lives at 309% of the poverty line. Nationally, the average Cuban lives at 324% of the poverty line. The federal poverty line for a family of four with two children is $16,895 in 1999 dollars. Miami-Dade Nation

--Cubans born in the U.S. have the lowest poverty rates among Latino groups in Miami. --Most recent arrivals, from 1990 to 200 have highest poverty rate. --The oldest of Cubans also hover around the 20% poverty rate.

Poverty by Wave Miami-Dade Nation Below Poverty Line Below 150% of Poverty Below 200% of Poverty At least 200% of Poverty Similarly, the post Revolution wave of migrants exhibit a variation in poverty rates. --25% of newest arrivals fall under the poverty line while the earliest exiles, 1959-1964…are Golden with only 10% under the poverty line in Miami and less than 9% nationally. Miami-Dade Nation

Poverty by Race Nationally Miami-Dade

Cuban-American Poor and Education

Age Distribution of Cuban-American Poor

Sex Distribution of Cuban-American Poor

English Fluency of the Cuban-American Poor

Receiving Welfare Welfare programs include Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and General Assistance (GA) but do not include Supplemental Security Income (SSI). The universe is persons aged 15 and over.

Welfare by Age Nation Miami-Dade

Receiving SSI Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is given to people who have low income and few resources and are age 65 or older, blind or disabled. The universe is persons aged 15 and over.

Welfare by Sex Nation Miami-Dade

Welfare by Wave

The federal poverty line for a family of four with two children is $16,895 in 1999 dollars. The areas that are very pale yellow have no data because there weren’t enough Cubans in those census tracts.

For a family of four, 150% of the poverty line = $25,342 in 1999 dollars.